Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)
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Синтез анальгетика через образование амидной связи
Цель
Синтезировать ацетаминофен (парацетамол) ацетилированием п-аминофенола уксусным ангидридом, демонстрируя образование амидной связи.
Предпосылки
Acetaminophen is one of the world's most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. Its synthesis involves the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride to form an amide bond. The reaction is selective for the amine group over the phenol group under mild conditions.
Предупреждения по безопасности
- Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor
- p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation
- Do not consume the product
- Work in a fume hood
Требуемые СИЗ
Материалы
-
p-Aminophenol (1.5 g)
-
Acetic anhydride (2 mL)Corrosive
-
Distilled water (100 mL)Ice-cold for crystallization
-
Acetone (10 mL)For recrystallization
Оборудование
Процедура
Dissolve 1.5 g p-aminophenol in 15 mL distilled water in the Erlenmeyer flask. Warm gently if needed.
Add 2 mL acetic anhydride to the solution. Stir vigorously for 10 minutes.
Heat the mixture in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes to complete the reaction.
Cool the mixture in an ice bath until crystals form.
Collect crude product by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.
Recrystallize from hot water or acetone/water mixture. Cool slowly for larger crystals.
Collect purified crystals. Dry and determine melting point (pure: 168-170°C).
Calculate percent yield.
Ожидаемые результаты
White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.
Уборка
Do not consume the product. Dispose of organic waste properly. Rinse all glassware.
Детали
- Категория
- Organic Synthesis
- Сложность
- Advanced (University)
- Продолжительность
- 80 мин
- Прим. стоимость
- $18,00
- Шаги
- 8
- Материалы
- 4