Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)

Синтез анальгетика через образование амидной связи

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 80 мин ~$18,00

Цель

Синтезировать ацетаминофен (парацетамол) ацетилированием п-аминофенола уксусным ангидридом, демонстрируя образование амидной связи.

Предпосылки

Acetaminophen is one of the world's most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. Its synthesis involves the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride to form an amide bond. The reaction is selective for the amine group over the phenol group under mild conditions.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor
  • p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation
  • Do not consume the product
  • Work in a fume hood

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • p-Aminophenol (1.5 g)
  • Acetic anhydride (2 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Ice-cold for crystallization
  • Acetone (10 mL)
    For recrystallization

Оборудование

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Hot water bath Buchner funnel Filter flask Melting point apparatus Ice bath

Процедура

1

Dissolve 1.5 g p-aminophenol in 15 mL distilled water in the Erlenmeyer flask. Warm gently if needed.

5 мин Handle p-aminophenol with gloves
2

Add 2 mL acetic anhydride to the solution. Stir vigorously for 10 minutes.

10 мин Fume hood — pungent vapors
3

Heat the mixture in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes to complete the reaction.

12 мин
4

Cool the mixture in an ice bath until crystals form.

15 мин
5

Collect crude product by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.

8 мин
6

Recrystallize from hot water or acetone/water mixture. Cool slowly for larger crystals.

15 мин
7

Collect purified crystals. Dry and determine melting point (pure: 168-170°C).

10 мин
8

Calculate percent yield.

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.

Уборка

Do not consume the product. Dispose of organic waste properly. Rinse all glassware.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)?
Синтезировать ацетаминофен (парацетамол) ацетилированием п-аминофенола уксусным ангидридом, демонстрируя образование амидной связи.
How difficult is Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 80 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)?
Key safety precautions include: Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor; p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation; Do not consume the product.
What materials are needed for Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)?
The main materials required are: p-Aminophenol, Acetic anhydride, Distilled water, Acetone.
What results should I expect from Получение ацетаминофена (парацетамола)?
White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.