Демонстрация эндотермической реакции
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Холодная реакция гидроксида бария с тиоцианатом аммония
Цель
Продемонстрировать резко эндотермическую реакцию, при которой смесь охлаждается настолько, что замораживает воду на внешней стенке колбы.
Предпосылки
When barium hydroxide octahydrate reacts with ammonium thiocyanate, the temperature drops to approximately -20°C. This endothermic reaction absorbs so much heat from the surroundings that water on the outside of the flask freezes, effectively gluing the flask to a wet board.
Предупреждения по безопасности
- Barium compounds are toxic if ingested
- Ammonia gas is released — work in fume hood or ventilated area
- Wear gloves when handling barium hydroxide
- Do not inhale the ammonia fumes
Требуемые СИЗ
Материалы
-
Barium hydroxide octahydrate (32 g)Toxic
-
Ammonium thiocyanate (16 g)
-
Water (5 mL)On the board
Оборудование
Процедура
Pour a few drops of water onto the wooden board to create a wet spot.
Add 32 g barium hydroxide octahydrate to the flask.
Add 16 g ammonium thiocyanate to the flask. Stir the mixture with a glass rod.
Place the flask on the wet spot on the board. Insert the thermometer.
Observe the temperature dropping dramatically. Record the minimum temperature.
After 5 minutes, try to lift the flask. It should be frozen to the board.
Explain that the reaction absorbed heat from the surroundings, freezing the water beneath.
Ожидаемые результаты
The temperature should drop to approximately -20°C within minutes. The flask should freeze to the wet board. A strong smell of ammonia confirms the reaction is proceeding.
Уборка
Allow to warm to room temperature. Dispose of barium waste in heavy metal waste container. Rinse flask and ventilate area thoroughly.
Детали
- Категория
- Thermochemistry
- Сложность
- Intermediate (High School)
- Продолжительность
- 20 мин
- Прим. стоимость
- $12,00
- Шаги
- 7
- Материалы
- 3