Экзотермическая кристаллизация ацетата натрия
Измерение тепла, выделяемого при мгновенной кристаллизации
Цель
Количественно определить тепло, выделяемое при кристаллизации пересыщенного ацетата натрия, методом калориметрии.
Предпосылки
When supersaturated sodium acetate crystallizes, it releases stored energy as heat. By triggering crystallization inside a calorimeter and measuring the temperature rise, the enthalpy of crystallization can be determined. This is the same principle used in reusable hand warmers.
Предупреждения по безопасности
- Hot solution during preparation
- Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm
Требуемые СИЗ
Материалы
-
Sodium acetate trihydrate (80 g)
-
Distilled water (150 mL)
Оборудование
Процедура
Dissolve 80 g sodium acetate trihydrate in 20 mL water by heating to about 70°C. Stir until clear.
Pour the solution into the polystyrene cup calorimeter. Allow to cool undisturbed to room temperature.
Record the temperature of the supersaturated solution.
Add a single small crystal of sodium acetate to trigger crystallization. Immediately stir gently and record temperature every 15 seconds.
Record the maximum temperature reached.
Calculate the heat released: q = mcΔT. Determine ΔH of crystallization per mole.
Ожидаемые результаты
Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.
Уборка
The sodium acetate can be remelted and reused. Rinse the calorimeter. Non-toxic — can go down the drain.
Детали
- Категория
- Thermochemistry
- Сложность
- Intermediate (High School)
- Продолжительность
- 30 мин
- Прим. стоимость
- $8,00
- Шаги
- 6
- Материалы
- 2