Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold
Au + 3HCl + HNO3 → HAuCl4 + NO + 2H2O
概述
Aqua regia (3:1 mixture of HCl and HNO₃) dissolves gold, which is inert to either acid alone. Nitric acid oxidizes gold to Au³⁺ while hydrochloric acid provides chloride ions that stabilize the gold as [AuCl₄]⁻ complex. The synergy between the two acids makes aqua regia effective against noble metals.
参与者
| 角色 | 物质 | 系数 | 状态 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 反应物 | Gold Au | 1 | (s) |
| 反应物 | Nitric Acid HNO₃ | 1 | (aq) |
| 反应物 | Hydrochloric Acid HCl | 3 | (aq) |
| 产物 | Water H₂O | 2 | (l) |
日常示例
During WWII, George de Hevesy dissolved the Nobel Prize gold medals of Max von Laue and James Franck in aqua regia to hide them from the Nazis.
工业重要性
王水用于黄金精炼、分析化学中溶解贵金属,以及从电子废弃物中回收贵金属。
属性
- 类型
- Redox
- 可逆
- 否
- 能量
- 放热
- ΔH
- -150.0 kJ/mol
相关反应
Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen
Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite
Copper Reduction of Silver Ion
Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II)
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid
Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic)
Hydrogen Peroxide Disproportionation
Iodine and Sodium Thiosulfate Titration
Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the equation for Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
The balanced equation is: Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O.
What type of reaction is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is a redox reaction.
Is Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold exothermic or endothermic?
Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -150.0 kJ/mol.