Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid

3Cu + 8HNO3(dilute) → 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

概述

Dilute nitric acid oxidizes copper to Cu²⁺ while the nitrate ion is reduced to nitric oxide (NO) gas. Unlike HCl or H₂SO₄(dilute), nitric acid can dissolve copper because the nitrate ion acts as the oxidizing agent. The solution turns blue from Cu(NO₃)₂ and the NO gas oxidizes in air to brown NO₂.

参与者

角色 物质 系数 状态
反应物 Copper Cu 3 (s)
反应物 Nitric Acid HNO₃ 8 (aq)
产物 Water H₂O 4 (l)

日常示例

Chemistry students observe this reaction as a dramatic demonstration where copper dissolves in HNO₃ with brown fumes forming above the solution.

工业重要性

铜在硝酸中的溶解用于分析化学、印刷电路板制造中的铜蚀刻,以及金属精炼。

属性

类型
Redox
可逆
否
能量
放热
ΔH
-135.0 kJ/mol

相关反应

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Zinc Reduction of Silver Ion Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid?
The balanced equation is: 3Cu + 8HNO₃(dilute) → 3Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O.
What type of reaction is Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid?
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid is a redox reaction.
Is Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid exothermic or endothermic?
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -135.0 kJ/mol.