Проверка ряда активности металлов

Испытание реакционной способности металлов реакциями замещения

Electrochemistry Beginner (Middle School) 30 мин ~$12,00

Цель

Проверить электрохимический ряд активности, испытав, способны ли металлы вытеснять другие металлы из растворов.

Предпосылки

A more reactive (more easily oxidized) metal will displace a less reactive metal from its salt solution. By testing multiple combinations, students can experimentally construct the activity series: Zn > Fe > Cu > Ag.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Silver nitrate stains skin permanently
  • Copper sulfate is toxic
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Zinc strips (3 pieces)
    Small pieces
  • Iron nails (3)
    Clean steel nails
  • Copper strips (3 pieces)
  • Copper(II) sulfate solution (50 mL)
    0.1M
  • Iron(II) sulfate solution (50 mL)
    0.1M
  • Zinc sulfate solution (50 mL)
    0.1M
  • Silver nitrate solution (30 mL)
    0.1M

Оборудование

Test tubes and rack Sandpaper Forceps Timer

Процедура

1

Sand all metal pieces until shiny to remove oxide layers.

3 мин
2

Place 10 mL of each metal salt solution into labeled test tubes. You need: CuSO₄, FeSO₄, ZnSO₄, and AgNO₃.

3 мин Wear gloves
3

Test zinc in CuSO₄ solution. Observe for 5 minutes and record changes on the metal and in the solution.

5 мин
4

Test iron in CuSO₄ solution. Observe and record.

5 мин
5

Test copper in ZnSO₄ solution. Observe and record (expect no reaction).

5 мин
6

Test copper in AgNO₃ solution. Observe silver crystals forming on the copper.

5 мин
7

Compile results into a reactivity table and rank the metals from most to least reactive.

4 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

Zinc displaces copper (blue solution fades, copper deposits on zinc). Iron displaces copper (blue fades slower). Copper does not displace zinc. Copper displaces silver (silver crystals grow). Order: Zn > Fe > Cu > Ag.

Уборка

Collect silver waste separately in heavy metal container. Dispose of copper waste properly. Rinse metal pieces and test tubes.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Проверка ряда активности металлов?
Проверить электрохимический ряд активности, испытав, способны ли металлы вытеснять другие металлы из растворов.
How difficult is Проверка ряда активности металлов?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Проверка ряда активности металлов?
Key safety precautions include: Silver nitrate stains skin permanently; Copper sulfate is toxic; Wear gloves when handling solutions.
What materials are needed for Проверка ряда активности металлов?
The main materials required are: Zinc strips, Iron nails, Copper strips, Copper(II) sulfate solution, Iron(II) sulfate solution.
What results should I expect from Проверка ряда активности металлов?
Zinc displaces copper (blue solution fades, copper deposits on zinc). Iron displaces copper (blue fades slower). Copper does not displace zinc. Copper displaces silver (silver crystals grow). Order: Zn > Fe > Cu > Ag.