Гальваническое покрытие медью

Нанесение тонкого слоя меди на металлический объект

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 60 мин ~$15,00

Цель

Гальванически покрыть металлический ключ или монету медью, демонстрируя промышленный процесс электроосаждения и законы Фарадея.

Предпосылки

Electroplating uses electrolysis to deposit a thin layer of metal onto a conductive surface. The object to be plated is made the cathode, and the plating metal (copper) is the anode. Copper ions from the solution are reduced and deposited on the cathode surface.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Copper sulfate solution is toxic
  • Dilute sulfuric acid is corrosive
  • Wear gloves and goggles
  • Handle electrical connections with care

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) (10 mL)
    Dilute, to improve conductivity
  • Copper strip or sheet (1 piece)
    Anode
  • Metal key or coin (1)
    Object to plate (cathode)
  • Acetone or alcohol (20 mL)
    For cleaning the object

Оборудование

DC power supply (3-6V) Beaker (400 mL) Wires with alligator clips Sandpaper Analytical balance

Процедура

1

Clean the object (key/coin) by sanding lightly and degreasing with acetone. A clean surface is critical for good plating.

5 мин Acetone is flammable
2

Weigh the clean object on the analytical balance and record the mass.

2 мин
3

Prepare the plating solution: 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ with 5 mL of dilute H₂SO₄.

3 мин Wear gloves
4

Suspend the copper strip (anode) and the object (cathode) in the solution, connected to the power supply.

5 мин
5

Set the power supply to 3V and turn it on. Observe the copper being deposited on the cathode.

2 мин
6

Allow plating to continue for 30 minutes. Periodically check that gas bubbles are minimal (indicates correct voltage).

30 мин
7

Turn off the power supply. Remove the plated object, rinse with water, and dry gently.

3 мин
8

Weigh the plated object. Calculate the mass of copper deposited and compare with Faraday's law prediction.

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

A smooth, shiny copper coating should cover the object. The mass increase should correlate with Faraday's law: m = (M x I x t) / (n x F), where M is molar mass of Cu, I is current, t is time, n=2, and F is Faraday's constant.

Уборка

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse all equipment. Clean the copper anode for reuse.

Детали

Категория
Electrochemistry
Сложность
Intermediate (High School)
Продолжительность
60 мин
Прим. стоимость
$15,00
Шаги
8
Материалы
5

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Гальваническое покрытие медью?
Гальванически покрыть металлический ключ или монету медью, демонстрируя промышленный процесс электроосаждения и законы Фарадея.
How difficult is Гальваническое покрытие медью?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 60 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Гальваническое покрытие медью?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate solution is toxic; Dilute sulfuric acid is corrosive; Wear gloves and goggles.
What materials are needed for Гальваническое покрытие медью?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), Copper strip or sheet, Metal key or coin, Acetone or alcohol.
What results should I expect from Гальваническое покрытие медью?
A smooth, shiny copper coating should cover the object. The mass increase should correlate with Faraday's law: m = (M x I x t) / (n x F), where M is molar mass of Cu, I is current, t is time, n=2, and F is Faraday's constant.