Электролиз сульфата меди

Количественный электролиз с медными электродами

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 50 мин ~$12,00

Цель

Провести количественный электролиз раствора сульфата меди с медными электродами и проверить первый закон Фарадея.

Предпосылки

When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions
  • Handle electrical connections with dry hands

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Similar size, sanded clean

Оборудование

DC power supply (1-5V) Ammeter Beaker (400 mL) Wires Analytical balance Timer Sandpaper

Процедура

1

Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.

5 мин
2

Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.

2 мин Wear gloves
3

Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.

5 мин
4

Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.

2 мин
5

Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.

20 мин
6

Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.

5 мин
7

Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.

8 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.

Уборка

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.

Детали

Категория
Electrochemistry
Сложность
Intermediate (High School)
Продолжительность
50 мин
Прим. стоимость
$12,00
Шаги
7
Материалы
2

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Электролиз сульфата меди?
Провести количественный электролиз раствора сульфата меди с медными электродами и проверить первый закон Фарадея.
How difficult is Электролиз сульфата меди?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Электролиз сульфата меди?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling solutions; Handle electrical connections with dry hands.
What materials are needed for Электролиз сульфата меди?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2).
What results should I expect from Электролиз сульфата меди?
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.