CO₂ и тест с известковой водой
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Обнаружение углекислого газа с помощью гидроксида кальция
Цель
Получить CO₂ из реакции карбоната с кислотой и подтвердить его идентичность тестом с известковой водой.
Предпосылки
When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) reacts with vinegar (acetic acid), CO₂ gas is produced. Bubbling this gas through limewater (calcium hydroxide solution) produces a characteristic white milky precipitate of calcium carbonate, confirming the presence of CO₂.
Предупреждения по безопасности
- Limewater is mildly irritating — avoid eye contact
- CO₂ is an asphyxiant in large quantities — work in ventilated area
Требуемые СИЗ
Материалы
-
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) (10 g)
-
White vinegar (50 mL)5% acetic acid
-
Limewater (Ca(OH)₂ solution) (100 mL)Clear, saturated
Оборудование
Процедура
Pour 100 mL of clear limewater into a test tube or small beaker.
Place 10 g of baking soda in the Erlenmeyer flask.
Add 50 mL of vinegar to the flask. Quickly insert the stopper with delivery tube.
Direct the delivery tube into the limewater. Bubble the CO₂ through for 2-3 minutes.
Observe the limewater turning milky white as calcium carbonate precipitate forms.
Continue bubbling. If enough CO₂ passes through, the solution may turn clear again as soluble Ca(HCO₃)₂ forms.
Ожидаемые результаты
The clear limewater turns milky white due to CaCO₃ precipitation: Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃ + H₂O. With excess CO₂, the milkiness clears: CaCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → Ca(HCO₃)₂.
Уборка
Neutralize remaining vinegar solution. Dispose of limewater down the drain. Rinse all equipment.
Детали
- Категория
- Gas Laws
- Сложность
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Продолжительность
- 20 мин
- Прим. стоимость
- $5,00
- Шаги
- 6
- Материалы
- 3