Молярный объём газа при НУ

Экспериментальное определение 22,4 л/моль с использованием бутана

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 35 мин ~$6,00

Цель

Определить молярный объём бутана при НУ, измерив массу и объём газа, выпускаемого из зажигалки.

Предпосылки

A butane lighter releases pure C₄H₁₀ gas. By weighing the lighter before and after releasing gas into a water-displacement collection system, and measuring the volume collected, the molar volume can be calculated and compared to the theoretical 22.4 L/mol at STP.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • Butane is extremely flammable — NO open flames during the experiment
  • Ensure adequate ventilation
  • Do not inhale butane

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles

Материалы

  • Butane lighter (1)
    Disposable, transparent preferred
  • Distilled water (1 L)
  • Ice (as needed)
    Optional, for STP correction

Оборудование

Pneumatic trough or large container Graduated cylinder (500 mL or 1 L) Analytical balance (0.01 g) Thermometer Barometer Rubber tubing

Процедура

1

Weigh the butane lighter on the analytical balance. Record the mass to 0.01 g.

2 мин
2

Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert it in the pneumatic trough.

3 мин
3

Connect rubber tubing to the lighter nozzle. Submerge the other end under the graduated cylinder.

3 мин No flames nearby
4

Release butane slowly into the inverted cylinder, collecting 200-400 mL of gas.

5 мин Butane is flammable
5

Record the volume of gas collected. Equalize water levels first.

2 мин
6

Reweigh the lighter. The mass difference is the mass of butane released.

2 мин
7

Record temperature and pressure. Calculate moles of butane (M=58.12 g/mol). Correct volume to STP using combined gas law.

8 мин
8

Calculate molar volume = V(STP)/n. Compare with theoretical 22.4 L/mol.

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

0.3 g butane = 0.00516 mol should occupy about 116 mL at STP. Molar volume should be approximately 22-24 L/mol, within 5-10% of the theoretical 22.4 L/mol.

Уборка

Ensure no butane remains in the room — ventilate well. Drain water apparatus. Store lighter safely.

Детали

Категория
Gas Laws
Сложность
Intermediate (High School)
Продолжительность
35 мин
Прим. стоимость
$6,00
Шаги
8
Материалы
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Молярный объём газа при НУ?
Определить молярный объём бутана при НУ, измерив массу и объём газа, выпускаемого из зажигалки.
How difficult is Молярный объём газа при НУ?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 35 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Молярный объём газа при НУ?
Key safety precautions include: Butane is extremely flammable — NO open flames during the experiment; Ensure adequate ventilation; Do not inhale butane.
What materials are needed for Молярный объём газа при НУ?
The main materials required are: Butane lighter, Distilled water, Ice.
What results should I expect from Молярный объём газа при НУ?
0.3 g butane = 0.00516 mol should occupy about 116 mL at STP. Molar volume should be approximately 22-24 L/mol, within 5-10% of the theoretical 22.4 L/mol.