硫酸銅の電気分解

銅電極を用いた定量電気分解

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 50 分 ~$12.00

目的

銅電極を用いて硫酸銅溶液の定量電気分解を行い、ファラデーの電気分解の第一法則を検証する。

背景

When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.

安全上の警告

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions
  • Handle electrical connections with dry hands

必要なPPE

goggles gloves lab_coat

材料

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Similar size, sanded clean

器具

DC power supply (1-5V) Ammeter Beaker (400 mL) Wires Analytical balance Timer Sandpaper

手順

1

Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.

5 分
2

Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.

2 分 Wear gloves
3

Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.

5 分
4

Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.

2 分
5

Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.

20 分
6

Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.

5 分
7

Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.

8 分

予想される結果

The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.

後片付け

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.

詳細

カテゴリ
Electrochemistry
難易度
Intermediate (High School)
所要時間
50 分
推定費用
$12.00
ステップ数
7
材料
2

その他の実験

ダニエル電池の製作 45 min ボルタ電池の起電力測定 60 min レモン電池 20 min 水の電気分解 40 min 活動列の確認 30 min 濃淡電池 45 min 銅電気めっき 60 min 防錆方法の比較 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 硫酸銅の電気分解?
銅電極を用いて硫酸銅溶液の定量電気分解を行い、ファラデーの電気分解の第一法則を検証する。
How difficult is 硫酸銅の電気分解?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 硫酸銅の電気分解?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling solutions; Handle electrical connections with dry hands.
What materials are needed for 硫酸銅の電気分解?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2).
What results should I expect from 硫酸銅の電気分解?
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.