ボルタ電池の起電力測定

各種半電池の組み合わせのEMFを測定する

Electrochemistry Advanced (University) 60 分 ~$25.00

目的

複数のガルバニ電池の組み合わせの起電力（EMF）を測定し、標準還元電位の値と比較する。

背景

By constructing galvanic cells with different metal/metal-ion half-cell combinations and measuring their voltages, students can experimentally determine relative electrode potentials. Comparing measured values with standard reduction potentials validates electrochemical theory.

安全上の警告

  • Lead compounds are toxic — handle with extreme care
  • Wear nitrile gloves throughout
  • Wash hands immediately if lead solution contacts skin
  • Dispose of lead waste in designated containers

必要なPPE

goggles gloves lab_coat

材料

  • Zinc strip and 1M ZnSO₄ (100 mL)
  • Copper strip and 1M CuSO₄ (100 mL)
  • Lead strip and 1M Pb(NO₃)₂ (100 mL)
    Toxic
  • Tin strip and 1M SnCl₂ (100 mL)
  • KNO₃ salt bridge solution (200 mL)
    Saturated
  • Filter paper strips (10)
    For salt bridges

器具

Six 250 mL beakers High-impedance voltmeter or multimeter Wires with alligator clips Sandpaper

手順

1

Sand all metal strips until shiny. Prepare 1M solutions of each metal salt in separate beakers.

5 分 Wear gloves for lead compounds
2

Prepare salt bridges by soaking filter paper strips in saturated KNO₃ solution.

3 分
3

Construct a Zn/Cu cell: connect with a salt bridge and measure the EMF with the voltmeter.

5 分
4

Construct a Zn/Pb cell and measure EMF.

5 分 Handle lead carefully
5

Construct a Zn/Sn cell and measure EMF.

5 分
6

Construct a Cu/Pb cell and measure EMF.

5 分
7

Construct a Sn/Cu cell and measure EMF.

5 分
8

Tabulate all results. Calculate theoretical EMF values using standard reduction potentials and compare with measured values.

15 分

予想される結果

Zn/Cu: ~1.10 V, Zn/Pb: ~0.63 V, Zn/Sn: ~0.62 V, Cu/Pb: ~0.47 V, Sn/Cu: ~0.48 V. Measured values should be within 0.05-0.15 V of theoretical due to non-standard conditions.

後片付け

Collect all lead-containing waste in designated containers. Dispose of copper waste separately. Rinse metal strips and store. Wash hands thoroughly.

詳細

カテゴリ
Electrochemistry
難易度
Advanced (University)
所要時間
60 分
推定費用
$25.00
ステップ数
8
材料
6

その他の実験

ダニエル電池の製作 45 min レモン電池 20 min 水の電気分解 40 min 活動列の確認 30 min 濃淡電池 45 min 硫酸銅の電気分解 50 min 銅電気めっき 60 min 防錆方法の比較 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of ボルタ電池の起電力測定?
複数のガルバニ電池の組み合わせの起電力（EMF）を測定し、標準還元電位の値と比較する。
How difficult is ボルタ電池の起電力測定?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 60 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for ボルタ電池の起電力測定?
Key safety precautions include: Lead compounds are toxic — handle with extreme care; Wear nitrile gloves throughout; Wash hands immediately if lead solution contacts skin.
What materials are needed for ボルタ電池の起電力測定?
The main materials required are: Zinc strip and 1M ZnSO₄, Copper strip and 1M CuSO₄, Lead strip and 1M Pb(NO₃)₂, Tin strip and 1M SnCl₂, KNO₃ salt bridge solution.
What results should I expect from ボルタ電池の起電力測定?
Zn/Cu: ~1.10 V, Zn/Pb: ~0.63 V, Zn/Sn: ~0.62 V, Cu/Pb: ~0.47 V, Sn/Cu: ~0.48 V. Measured values should be within 0.05-0.15 V of theoretical due to non-standard conditions.