レモン電池

柑橘類から簡単なガルバニ電池を作る

Electrochemistry Beginner (Middle School) 20 分 ~$5.00

目的

レモン、銅貨、亜鉛釘を使って簡単なガルバニ電池を作製し、化学エネルギーが電気エネルギーに変換される仕組みを実証する。

背景

A lemon battery uses the citric acid in lemon juice as an electrolyte. The zinc nail acts as the anode (oxidation) and the copper coin as the cathode (reduction). The potential difference between zinc and copper drives electron flow through an external circuit.

安全上の警告

  • Do not eat the lemons after the experiment — they contain metal residues
  • Handle sharp nails with care

必要なPPE

goggles

材料

  • Fresh lemons (3)
    Large and juicy
  • Copper coins or strips (3)
    Clean pennies or Cu strips
  • Zinc-coated nails (3)
    Galvanized nails
  • Insulated copper wire (1 m)
    With alligator clips
  • LED light (1)
    Low-voltage red LED

器具

Multimeter Wire strippers Alligator clips

手順

1

Roll each lemon on a flat surface while pressing gently to break the internal membranes and release juice.

2 分
2

Insert a copper coin or strip into one side of each lemon and a zinc nail into the other side. Keep the metals about 3 cm apart.

3 分 Handle nails carefully
3

Use the multimeter to measure the voltage across a single lemon cell (between the copper and zinc). Record the voltage.

2 分
4

Connect three lemons in series: zinc of lemon 1 to copper of lemon 2, zinc of lemon 2 to copper of lemon 3.

5 分
5

Measure the total voltage of the three cells in series.

2 分
6

Connect the LED to the free copper and zinc terminals. Observe if it lights up.

3 分
7

Record observations about brightness and voltage over time.

3 分

予想される結果

Each lemon cell should produce approximately 0.9-1.0 V. Three in series should give about 2.7-3.0 V, enough to dimly light a red LED. The voltage will slowly decrease over time as the zinc is consumed.

後片付け

Remove all metal pieces from the lemons. Dispose of the lemons in the trash (not compost). Wipe down the metal pieces for reuse.

詳細

カテゴリ
Electrochemistry
難易度
Beginner (Middle School)
所要時間
20 分
推定費用
$5.00
ステップ数
7
材料
5

その他の実験

ダニエル電池の製作 45 min ボルタ電池の起電力測定 60 min 水の電気分解 40 min 活動列の確認 30 min 濃淡電池 45 min 硫酸銅の電気分解 50 min 銅電気めっき 60 min 防錆方法の比較 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of レモン電池?
レモン、銅貨、亜鉛釘を使って簡単なガルバニ電池を作製し、化学エネルギーが電気エネルギーに変換される仕組みを実証する。
How difficult is レモン電池?
This experiment is rated as Beginner (Middle School). It takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for レモン電池?
Key safety precautions include: Do not eat the lemons after the experiment — they contain metal residues; Handle sharp nails with care.
What materials are needed for レモン電池?
The main materials required are: Fresh lemons, Copper coins or strips, Zinc-coated nails, Insulated copper wire, LED light.
What results should I expect from レモン電池?
Each lemon cell should produce approximately 0.9-1.0 V. Three in series should give about 2.7-3.0 V, enough to dimly light a red LED. The voltage will slowly decrease over time as the zinc is consumed.