Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)

LiFePO4 ⇌ FePO4 + Li+ + e−

概述

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate cathode and graphite anode with a cell voltage of 3.2–3.3 V and energy density of 90–160 Wh/kg. The olivine crystal structure of LiFePO₄ provides exceptional thermal stability and safety — the Fe–O bond is much stronger than the Co–O bond in NMC/NCA, preventing oxygen release during thermal runaway.

参与者

角色 物质 系数 状态
反应物 Lithium Li 1 (s)
反应物 Iron Fe 1 (s)

日常示例

Tesla's Standard Range vehicles and many Chinese EVs use LFP batteries for their superior safety and longer cycle life (3,000+ cycles).

工业重要性

磷酸铁锂（LFP）电池是中国电动汽车的主导路线，比亚迪刀片电池和宁德时代CTP技术均采用LFP化学体系，以其安全性高、成本低和长寿命著称。

属性

类型
Electrochemical
可逆
是
能量
放热
ΔH
-180.0 kJ/mol

相关反应

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
The balanced equation is: LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻.
What type of reaction is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) exothermic or endothermic?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -180.0 kJ/mol.