Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином

Определение концентрации кислоты с помощью стандартного раствора щёлочи

Titrations Intermediate (High School) 45 мин ~$15,00

Цель

Определить концентрацию неизвестного раствора соляной кислоты путём его титрования стандартизированным раствором гидроксида натрия с использованием фенолфталеина в качестве индикатора.

Предпосылки

This classic acid-base titration demonstrates stoichiometric neutralization. HCl reacts with NaOH in a 1:1 molar ratio. Phenolphthalein turns pink above pH 8.2, providing a clear endpoint. Accurate burette technique and multiple trials are essential for reliable results.

Предупреждения по безопасности

  • NaOH is corrosive — avoid skin and eye contact
  • HCl is corrosive — handle with care
  • Wear safety goggles throughout
  • Wash any spills immediately with water

Требуемые СИЗ

goggles gloves lab_coat

Материалы

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (100 mL)
    Unknown concentration
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (100 mL)
    0.1M standardized
  • Phenolphthalein indicator (5 mL)
    1% in ethanol
  • Distilled water (500 mL)
    For rinsing

Оборудование

50 mL burette Burette stand and clamp 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask 25 mL pipette Pipette filler White tile Wash bottle

Процедура

1

Rinse the burette with a small amount of NaOH solution, then fill it to the 0 mL mark. Record the exact starting volume.

5 мин Handle NaOH carefully
2

Using the pipette and filler, transfer exactly 25.0 mL of the unknown HCl solution into the Erlenmeyer flask.

3 мин
3

Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator to the flask. The solution should remain colorless (acidic).

1 мин
4

Place the flask on the white tile under the burette. Begin adding NaOH slowly while swirling the flask continuously.

5 мин
5

As the endpoint approaches (pink color lingers longer), add NaOH drop by drop until a permanent pale pink color persists for 30 seconds.

5 мин
6

Record the final burette reading. Calculate the volume of NaOH used.

2 мин
7

Repeat the titration at least two more times for concordant results (within 0.10 mL).

15 мин
8

Calculate the concentration of HCl using: C(HCl) = C(NaOH) x V(NaOH) / V(HCl).

5 мин

Ожидаемые результаты

The endpoint should show a clear transition from colorless to a persistent pale pink. Concordant titre values (within 0.10 mL) indicate good technique. The calculated concentration should match the expected value within experimental error.

Уборка

Drain the burette and rinse with distilled water. Neutralize waste solutions before disposal. Rinse all glassware thoroughly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином?
Определить концентрацию неизвестного раствора соляной кислоты путём его титрования стандартизированным раствором гидроксида натрия с использованием фенолфталеина в качестве индикатора.
How difficult is Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 45 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином?
Key safety precautions include: NaOH is corrosive — avoid skin and eye contact; HCl is corrosive — handle with care; Wear safety goggles throughout.
What materials are needed for Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином?
The main materials required are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Phenolphthalein indicator, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Кислотно-основное титрование с фенолфталеином?
The endpoint should show a clear transition from colorless to a persistent pale pink. Concordant titre values (within 0.10 mL) indicate good technique. The calculated concentration should match the expected value within experimental error.