Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Benzene

概述

Benzene reacts with chloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride catalyst to form toluene and HCl. AlCl₃ generates the electrophilic CH₃⁺ (or a complex equivalent) that attacks the electron-rich benzene ring. This electrophilic aromatic substitution is fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry.

参与者

日常示例

Toluene is a common solvent found in paint thinners, adhesives, and is the precursor to TNT (trinitrotoluene).

工业重要性

傅克烷基化反应在工业上用于合成乙苯（苯乙烯原料）、异丙苯（苯酚和丙酮原料，Hock工艺）和十二烷基苯（合成洗涤剂磺酸原料）等重要化工产品。乙苯是合成聚苯乙烯（PS）的前体，全球年产量超过3000万吨。