Hydration of Ethylene

C2H4 + H2O → C2H5OH

概述

Ethylene undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to form ethanol. This is the primary industrial method for producing synthetic ethanol, using phosphoric acid on a silica support at 300 C and 70 atm. The reaction is exothermic but requires high temperature for kinetic reasons.

参与者

角色 物质 系数 状态
反应物 Ethylene C₂H₄ 1 (g)
反应物 Water H₂O 1 (g)
产物 Ethanol C₂H₅OH 1 (l)

日常示例

Industrial ethanol for solvents, fuels, and chemical feedstock is primarily produced by this catalytic hydration of ethylene from petroleum.

工业重要性

乙烯直接水合是工业合成乙醇的主要路线，使用磷酸/硅藻土催化剂，在约300°C和60-70大气压下进行。工业乙醇大量用于合成乙醛、乙酸、乙酸乙酯等化工产品，以及用作溶剂和工业清洗剂。

属性

类型
Organic
可逆
是
能量
放热
ΔH
-44.0 kJ/mol
催化剂
Phosphoric acid on silica

相关反应

Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Catalytic Hydrogenation of Ethylene Condensation Polymerization (Nylon 6,6) Cope Rearrangement Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Hydration of Ethylene?
The balanced equation is: C₂H₄ + H₂O → C₂H₅OH.
What type of reaction is Hydration of Ethylene?
Hydration of Ethylene is a organic reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Hydration of Ethylene exothermic or endothermic?
Hydration of Ethylene is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -44.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Hydration of Ethylene?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Phosphoric acid on silica).