Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)

2NaCl → 2Na + Cl2

Tổng quan

The Downs process electrolyzes molten NaCl at about 600°C (lowered from 801°C by adding CaCl₂) to produce sodium metal at the cathode and chlorine gas at the anode. A cylindrical iron cathode surrounds a graphite anode, with an iron screen separating products. This is the primary industrial method for producing metallic sodium.

Người tham gia

Vai trò Chất Hệ số Trạng thái
Chất phản ứng Sodium Chloride NaCl 2 (l)
Sản phẩm Sodium Na 2 (l)

Ví dụ thực tế

Sodium metal produced by this process is used to make sodium vapor street lights that give a characteristic yellow glow.

Tầm quan trọng công nghiệp

The Downs process produces metallic sodium used in the manufacture of sodium peroxide, sodium hydride, and as a coolant in fast breeder nuclear reactors.

Tính chất

Loại
Electrochemical
Thuận nghịch
Không
Năng lượng
Thu nhiệt
ΔH
822,0 kJ/mol
Chất xúc tác
CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)

Phản ứng liên quan

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
The balanced equation is: 2NaCl → 2Na + Cl₂.
What type of reaction is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is a electrochemical reaction.
Is Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) exothermic or endothermic?
Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 822.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Electrolysis of Molten NaCl (Downs Process)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (CaCl₂ (melting point depressant)).