7 N Nitrogen 14,007 u

Nitrogen

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Chu kỳ
2
Nhóm
15
Khối
p-khối
Pha (STP)
Gas

Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. It is essential for life as a component of amino acids, proteins, and DNA.

Ngoại quan: Colorless gas

About Nitrogen

Making up roughly 78 percent of Earth's atmosphere, nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the air yet chemically retiring under ordinary conditions. This nonmetal of atomic number 7 and atomic mass 14.007 is a colorless gas that liquefies at 77 K. Five valence electrons ([He] 2s2 2p3) give it a high electronegativity of 3.04 and a first ionization energy of 1402 kJ/mol, and the strong triple bond of the N₂ molecule accounts for its inertness. Daniel Rutherford described the gas in 1772. Despite that stability, nitrogen is indispensable to life as a component of amino acids, proteins, and DNA. It belongs to group 15, period 2.

Tính chất vật lý

Khối lượng nguyên tử 14.007 u
Mật độ 0.0012506 g/cm³
Điểm nóng chảy -210.0 °C
Điểm sôi -195.8 °C
Pha ở STP Gas
Bán kính nguyên tử 75.0 pm

Tính chất điện tử

Độ âm điện 3.04
Năng lượng ion hóa 1402.3 eV
Ái lực electron -7.0 eV
Electron hóa trị 5

Cấu hình electron

Cấu hình [He] 2s² 2p³

Electron Shell Configuration

Nitrogen electron shell configuration N 2e⁻ 5e⁻
Electron shell structure of Nitrogen — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 5

Position in Periodic Table

Nitrogen position in the periodic table N

Khám phá

Được phát hiện bởi: Daniel Rutherford
Năm: 1772

Khối & Chu kỳ

Khối

s p d f

Chu kỳ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Bảng tuần hoàn

Lanthanide Actinide

Các phản ứng có N

Boron Trifluoride and Ammonia (Lewis Acid-Base)

BF₃ + NH₃ → BF₃·NH₃

Acid-Base

Beta Decay of Carbon-14

¹⁴C → ¹⁴N + e⁻ + ν̄ₑ

Nuclear

Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid

NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl

Acid-Base

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold

Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O

Redox

Decomposition of Sodium Azide (Airbag Reaction)

2NaN₃ → 2Na + 3N₂

Decomposition
Xem tất cả 47 phản ứng →

Compounds Containing Nitrogen

Alanine

C₃H₇NO₂

Ammonium Chloride

NH₄Cl

Asparagine

C₄H₈N₂O₃

Dopamine

C₈H₁₁NO₂

Ammonium Sulfate

(NH₄)₂SO₄

Cyanoacrylate

C₅H₅NO₂

Adenine

C₅H₅N₅

Adenosine Triphosphate

C₁₀H₁₆N₅O₁₃P₃

Aluminum Nitride

AlN

Ammonia

NH₃

Ammonium Persulfate

(NH₄)₂S₂O₈

Caffeine

C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

Thêm Phi Kim

1 H Hydrogen 6 C Carbon 8 O Oxygen 15 P Phosphorus 16 S Sulfur 34 Se Selenium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Nitrogen?
Nitrogen (N) is a chemical element with atomic number 7. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a phi kim.
What are the key properties of Nitrogen?
Nitrogen has an atomic mass of 14.007 u, density of 0.0012506 g/cm³, melting point of -210.0°C, boiling point of -195.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Nitrogen?
The electron configuration of Nitrogen is [He] 2s2 2p3. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Nitrogen?
Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772.
What is the electronegativity of Nitrogen?
Nitrogen has an electronegativity of 3.04 on the Pauling scale.