6 C Carbon 12,011 u

Carbon

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Chu kỳ
2
Nhóm
14
Khối
p-khối
Pha (STP)
Solid

Carbon is the basis of all known life and forms more compounds than any other element. It exists as diamond, graphite, fullerenes, and graphene.

Ngoại quan: Black (graphite), clear (diamond)

About Carbon

Carbon forms more compounds than any other element and provides the structural basis of all known life, a versatility rooted in its four valence electrons ([He] 2s2 2p2) and moderate electronegativity of 2.55. It is a nonmetal of atomic number 6 and atomic mass 12.011 that occurs in strikingly different allotropes, among them black graphite, transparent diamond, fullerenes, and graphene. Its covalent networks give it a very high melting point near 3823 K. Carbon has been known since antiquity and has no single discoverer. Its capacity to bond extensively to itself makes it the central element of organic chemistry. Carbon sits in group 14, period 2, with a first ionization energy of 1086.5 kJ/mol.

Tính chất vật lý

Khối lượng nguyên tử 12.011 u
Mật độ 2.267 g/cm³
Điểm nóng chảy 3549.8 °C
Điểm sôi 3824.8 °C
Pha ở STP Solid
Bán kính nguyên tử 77.0 pm

Tính chất điện tử

Độ âm điện 2.55
Năng lượng ion hóa 1086.5 eV
Ái lực electron 121.8 eV
Electron hóa trị 4

Cấu hình electron

Cấu hình [He] 2s² 2p²

Electron Shell Configuration

Carbon electron shell configuration C 2e⁻ 4e⁻
Electron shell structure of Carbon — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 4

Position in Periodic Table

Carbon position in the periodic table C

Khám phá

Được phát hiện bởi: Ancient

Khối & Chu kỳ

Khối

s p d f

Chu kỳ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Bảng tuần hoàn

Lanthanide Actinide

Các phản ứng có C

Carbonic Acid Dissociation (Blood Buffer)

H₂CO₃ ⇌ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺

Acid-Base

Beta Decay of Carbon-14

¹⁴C → ¹⁴N + e⁻ + ν̄ₑ

Nuclear

Combustion of Methane

CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

Combustion

Combustion of Octane (Gasoline)

2C₈H₁₈ + 25O₂ → 16CO₂ + 18H₂O

Combustion

Combustion of Glucose (Cellular Respiration)

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Combustion
Xem tất cả 110 phản ứng →

Compounds Containing Carbon

Caffeine

C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

Acrylic Acid

C₃H₄O₂

Alanine

C₃H₇NO₂

Calcium Propionate

Ca(C₂H₅COO)₂

Dichloromethane

CH₂Cl₂

Asparagine

C₄H₈N₂O₃

Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

C₂₁H₂₄O₄

Dimethyl Carbonate

C₃H₆O₃

Dopamine

C₈H₁₁NO₂

Bromothymol Blue

C₂₇H₂₈Br₂O₅S

Butyric Acid

C₄H₈O₂

Butane

C₄H₁₀

Thêm Phi Kim

1 H Hydrogen 7 N Nitrogen 8 O Oxygen 15 P Phosphorus 16 S Sulfur 34 Se Selenium

Explore on Science FYI

GemFYI
Diamond

Pure carbon in cubic crystal structure
MineralFYI
Diamond

Hardest known natural mineral (Mohs 10)
MineralFYI
Graphite

Carbon allotrope with layered structure

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Carbon?
Carbon (C) is a chemical element with atomic number 6. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a phi kim.
What are the key properties of Carbon?
Carbon has an atomic mass of 12.011 u, density of 2.267 g/cm³, melting point of 3549.8°C, boiling point of 3824.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of Carbon?
The electron configuration of Carbon is [He] 2s2 2p2. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Carbon?
Carbon was discovered by Ancient.
What is the electronegativity of Carbon?
Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55 on the Pauling scale.