8 O Oxygen 15,999 u

Oxygen

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Chu kỳ
2
Nhóm
16
Khối
p-khối
Pha (STP)
Gas

Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe and essential for respiration. It makes up about 21% of Earth's atmosphere.

Ngoại quan: Colorless gas (pale blue as liquid)

About Oxygen

Essential to the respiration of most living organisms, oxygen is a colorless, reactive nonmetal that makes up about 21 percent of the atmosphere and ranks as the third most abundant element in the universe. It bears atomic number 8 and an atomic mass of 15.999, condensing to a pale blue liquid at 90 K. Six valence electrons ([He] 2s2 2p4) and an electronegativity of 3.44—second only to fluorine—drive its tendency to form oxides with nearly every other element; its first ionization energy is 1314 kJ/mol. Carl Wilhelm Scheele prepared the gas around 1771. Oxygen occupies group 16, period 2, at the top of its group.

Tính chất vật lý

Khối lượng nguyên tử 15.999 u
Mật độ 0.001429 g/cm³
Điểm nóng chảy -218.8 °C
Điểm sôi -183.0 °C
Pha ở STP Gas
Bán kính nguyên tử 73.0 pm

Tính chất điện tử

Độ âm điện 3.44
Năng lượng ion hóa 1313.9 eV
Ái lực electron 141.0 eV
Electron hóa trị 6

Cấu hình electron

Cấu hình [He] 2s² 2p⁴

Electron Shell Configuration

Oxygen electron shell configuration O 2e⁻ 6e⁻
Electron shell structure of Oxygen — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 6

Position in Periodic Table

Oxygen position in the periodic table O

Khám phá

Được phát hiện bởi: Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Năm: 1771

Khối & Chu kỳ

Khối

s p d f

Chu kỳ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Bảng tuần hoàn

Lanthanide Actinide

Các phản ứng có O

Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis

2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + 2NaOH + H₂

Electrochemical

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold

Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O

Redox

Electrolysis of Water

2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

Electrochemical

Barium Sulfate Precipitation

BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄↓ + 2NaCl

Precipitation

Formation of Sulfur Trioxide

2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃

Synthesis
Xem tất cả 261 phản ứng →

Compounds Containing Oxygen

Caffeine

C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

Acrylic Acid

C₃H₄O₂

Alanine

C₃H₇NO₂

Calcium Propionate

Ca(C₂H₅COO)₂

Asparagine

C₄H₈N₂O₃

Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

C₂₁H₂₄O₄

Dimethyl Carbonate

C₃H₆O₃

Dopamine

C₈H₁₁NO₂

Bromothymol Blue

C₂₇H₂₈Br₂O₅S

Butyric Acid

C₄H₈O₂

Dimethyl Terephthalate

C₁₀H₁₀O₄

Cadmium Oxide

CdO

Thêm Phi Kim

1 H Hydrogen 6 C Carbon 7 N Nitrogen 15 P Phosphorus 16 S Sulfur 34 Se Selenium

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is Oxygen?
Oxygen (O) is a chemical element with atomic number 8. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a phi kim.
What are the key properties of Oxygen?
Oxygen has an atomic mass of 15.999 u, density of 0.001429 g/cm³, melting point of -218.8°C, boiling point of -183.0°C.
What is the electron configuration of Oxygen?
The electron configuration of Oxygen is [He] 2s2 2p4. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Oxygen?
Oxygen was discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1771.
What is the electronegativity of Oxygen?
Oxygen has an electronegativity of 3.44 on the Pauling scale.