1 H Hydrogen 1,008 u

Hydrogen

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Chu kỳ
1
Nhóm
1
Khối
s-khối
Pha (STP)
Gas

Hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and highly combustible gas.

Ngoại quan: Colorless gas

About Hydrogen

Hydrogen is the lightest chemical element and the first entry in the periodic table, carrying atomic number 1 and an atomic mass of 1.008. Under standard conditions it is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that condenses only near absolute zero, boiling at about 20 K. A single electron in the 1s orbital gives it an electronegativity of 2.20 and a first ionization energy of 1312 kJ/mol. Henry Cavendish characterized it as a distinct, highly combustible substance in 1766. Classified as a nonmetal at the head of group 1, hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. Its reactivity and low mass make the free diatomic gas uncommon at Earth's surface, where the element is found overwhelmingly in combined form.

Tính chất vật lý

Khối lượng nguyên tử 1.008 u
Mật độ 8.988e-05 g/cm³
Điểm nóng chảy -259.2 °C
Điểm sôi -252.9 °C
Pha ở STP Gas
Bán kính nguyên tử 53.0 pm

Tính chất điện tử

Độ âm điện 2.2
Năng lượng ion hóa 1312.0 eV
Ái lực electron 72.8 eV
Electron hóa trị 1

Cấu hình electron

Cấu hình 1s¹

Electron Shell Configuration

Hydrogen electron shell configuration H 1e⁻
Electron shell structure of Hydrogen — electrons per shell.
Shell Electrons
1 (K) 1

Position in Periodic Table

Hydrogen position in the periodic table H

Khám phá

Được phát hiện bởi: Henry Cavendish
Năm: 1766

Khối & Chu kỳ

Khối

s p d f

Chu kỳ

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Bảng tuần hoàn

Lanthanide Actinide

Các phản ứng có H

Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis

2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + 2NaOH + H₂

Electrochemical

Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold

Au + 3HCl + HNO₃ → HAuCl₄ + NO + 2H₂O

Redox

Electrolysis of Water

2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

Electrochemical

Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid

NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl

Acid-Base

Decomposition of Water (Electrolysis)

2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

Decomposition
Xem tất cả 207 phản ứng →

Compounds Containing Hydrogen

Caffeine

C₈H₁₀N₄O₂

Acrylic Acid

C₃H₄O₂

Alanine

C₃H₇NO₂

Calcium Propionate

Ca(C₂H₅COO)₂

Ammonium Chloride

NH₄Cl

Diborane

B₂H₆

Dichloromethane

CH₂Cl₂

Arsine

AsH₃

Asparagine

C₄H₈N₂O₃

Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ether

C₂₁H₂₄O₄

Dimethyl Carbonate

C₃H₆O₃

Butane

C₄H₁₀

Thêm Phi Kim

6 C Carbon 7 N Nitrogen 8 O Oxygen 15 P Phosphorus 16 S Sulfur 34 Se Selenium

Explore on Science FYI

StarFYI
Sun (Sol)

Hydrogen fusion powers main-sequence stars

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Hydrogen?
Hydrogen (H) is a chemical element with atomic number 1. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a phi kim.
What are the key properties of Hydrogen?
Hydrogen has an atomic mass of 1.008 u, density of 8.988e-05 g/cm³, melting point of -259.2°C, boiling point of -252.9°C.
What is the electron configuration of Hydrogen?
The electron configuration of Hydrogen is 1s1. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered Hydrogen?
Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766.
What is the electronegativity of Hydrogen?
Hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2 on the Pauling scale.