Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí

Vật liệu hấp phụ đa năng nhất từ tự nhiên

Environmental & Water Treatment Global Industrial Scale $7 billion

Tổng quan

Activated carbon is produced by thermal or chemical activation of carbonaceous materials (coconut shell, coal, wood) to create an extremely porous material with surface areas of 800-1,500 m2/g. The vast internal surface adsorbs organic contaminants, chlorine, odors, and certain heavy metals from water and air. Activated carbon is used in municipal water treatment, industrial wastewater polishing, air purification, gas masks, gold recovery, and food/beverage decolorization.

Quy trình hóa học

Raw material (coconut shell, bituminous coal, or wood) is carbonized at 600-900 degrees C in an inert atmosphere. The char is then activated by steam or CO2 at 800-1,100 degrees C, which selectively gasifies carbon to create micropores (<2 nm) and mesopores (2-50 nm). Chemical activation uses ZnCl2 or H3PO4 at lower temperatures (400-600 degrees C). The activated carbon is washed, dried, and sized.

C + H2O ->[800-1,100 degrees C] CO + H2 (steam activation, endothermic, creates porosity)
C + CO2 ->[800-1,100 degrees C] 2CO (CO2 activation)
Adsorption is physical (van der Waals) -- not a chemical reaction

Nguyên liệu thô

  • Coconut shell — Copra industry byproduct (SE Asia, India) (Carbon source (produces microporous AC))
  • Bituminous coal — Coal mining (Carbon source (general purpose AC))
  • Steam (H2O) — Boiler systems (Physical activation agent)

Sản phẩm cuối

  • Granular activated carbon (GAC) — Water treatment filters, air purification (Surface area 800-1,500 m2/g, iodine number 900-1,200)
  • Powdered activated carbon (PAC) — Batch water treatment, decolorization (Particle size <100 mesh)
<path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M12 9v3.75m-9.303 3.376c-.866 1.5.217 3.374 1.948 3.374h14.71c1.73 0 2.813-1.874 1.948-3.374L13.949 3.378c-.866-1.5-3.032-1.5-3.898 0L2.697 16.126zM12 15.75h.007v.008H12v-.008z" />

Environmental Impact

Activated carbon production from coal consumes non-renewable resources and produces CO2. Coconut shell-based AC is more sustainable. Spent activated carbon from water treatment may contain concentrated contaminants and requires thermal reactivation or proper disposal. Reactivation recovers >90% of adsorption capacity.

Lưu ý an toàn

Đổi mới gần đây

Biochars from agricultural waste (rice husk, corn stover) provide low-cost AC alternatives for developing countries.
Magnetic activated carbon enables easy separation from water.
Activated carbon fiber cloths offer faster kinetics and lower pressure drop than granular AC in air purification.

Quy mô sản xuất

4500000

tấn/năm

$7 billion

giá trị thị trường

Xem thêm Environmental & Water Treatment

Kết Tủa Kim Loại Nặng từ Nước Thải Công Nghiệp

Global Industrial Scale

Khử Lưu Huỳnh Khói Thải (Rửa Ướt Đá Vôi)

Global Industrial Scale

Khử Mặn bằng Màng Thẩm Thấu Ngược

Global Industrial Scale

Khử Trùng Nước Đô Thị bằng Clo

Global Industrial Scale

Làm Mềm và Khử Ion Nước bằng Trao Đổi Ion

Global Industrial Scale

Phục Hồi Sinh Học Đất Nhiễm Dầu Mỏ

Commercial Production

Xử Lý Nước bằng Ozone và Oxy Hóa Nâng Cao

Commercial Production

Frequently Asked Questions

What industry uses Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí?
Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí is used in the environmental & water treatment sector at global industrial scale scale.
What process is involved in Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí?
Raw material (coconut shell, bituminous coal, or wood) is carbonized at 600-900 degrees C in an inert atmosphere. The char is then activated by steam or CO2 at 800-1,100 degrees C, which selectively gasifies carbon to create micropores (<2 nm) and mesopores (2-50 nm). Chemical activation uses ZnCl2
What is the economic significance of Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí?
Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí has a market value of $7 billion and annual production of 4,500,000 tons.
What is the environmental impact of Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí?
Activated carbon production from coal consumes non-renewable resources and produces CO2. Coconut shell-based AC is more sustainable. Spent activated carbon from water treatment may contain concentrated contaminants and requires thermal reactivation or proper disposal. Reactivation recovers >90% of a
What raw materials are used in Hấp Phụ Than Hoạt Tính để Lọc Nước và Không Khí?
The main raw materials include: Coconut shell, Bituminous coal, Steam (H2O).