Phòng Thí Nghiệm So Sánh Thử Nghiệm Ngọn Lửa
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Kiểm tra nhiều kim loại để tạo bảng tham chiếu màu ngọn lửa
Mục tiêu
Thực hiện thử nghiệm ngọn lửa trên sáu muối kim loại khác nhau để tạo bảng tham chiếu màu ngọn lửa đặc trưng cho phân tích định tính.
Bối cảnh
This comprehensive flame test lab tests multiple metal salts side by side, building a reference chart that students can use for unknown identification. By comparing the flame colors of lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, and copper directly, students develop the observational skills needed for qualitative chemical analysis.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Wear safety goggles at all times
- Wear gloves when handling copper chloride
- Handle HCl with care — avoid contact with skin
- Keep hair tied back near open flames
- Clean wire between each test to prevent cross-contamination
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
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Lithium chloride (LiCl) (0.5 g)
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Sodium chloride (NaCl) (0.5 g)
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Potassium chloride (KCl) (0.5 g)
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Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) (0.5 g)
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Strontium chloride (SrCl₂) (0.5 g)
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Copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂) (0.5 g)Toxic
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Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)1M concentration
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Cobalt blue glass (1 piece)For potassium identification
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Prepare six labeled watch glasses, each containing a small amount of one metal salt.
Clean the nichrome wire thoroughly by repeatedly dipping in HCl and heating until the flame shows no color.
Test lithium chloride first. Dip wire in HCl, then into the salt, and hold in the flame. Record the crimson-red color.
Clean the wire thoroughly. Test sodium chloride and record the bright yellow flame.
Clean the wire. Test potassium chloride. Observe with naked eye, then through cobalt blue glass. Record the lilac/violet color.
Clean the wire. Test calcium chloride and record the orange-red flame.
Clean the wire. Test strontium chloride and record the scarlet-red flame.
Clean the wire. Test copper(II) chloride and record the blue-green flame.
Create a complete reference chart organizing the metals by flame color from red through yellow to green and violet.
Kết quả dự kiến
A complete flame color reference chart: Li (crimson-red), Sr (scarlet-red), Ca (orange-red), Na (yellow), Ba (yellow-green if tested), Cu (blue-green), K (lilac/violet through cobalt glass). Each color should be distinguishable from the others.
Dọn dẹp
Clean the wire with HCl. Dispose of copper waste in the heavy metal waste container. Dispose of remaining salts per lab protocol. Clean and dry all watch glasses.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Flame Tests
- Độ khó
- Intermediate (High School)
- Thời gian
- 45 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $25,00
- Số bước
- 9
- Vật liệu
- 8