Thử Nghiệm Ngọn Lửa Liti
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Nhận biết liti qua ngọn lửa đỏ thắm
Mục tiêu
Quan sát màu đỏ thắm đặc trưng của ngọn lửa do các ion liti tạo ra, và so sánh với các thử nghiệm ngọn lửa của kim loại kiềm khác.
Bối cảnh
Lithium produces a distinctive crimson-red flame when heated. The emission occurs primarily at 670.8 nm as the excited 2s electron returns to the ground state. Lithium compounds were historically used to produce red colors in fireworks before the introduction of strontium-based alternatives.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Wear safety goggles at all times
- Keep hair tied back near open flames
- Handle HCl with care
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Lithium chloride (LiCl) (1 g)
-
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (10 mL)1M concentration
-
Distilled water (50 mL)For cleaning
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Clean the nichrome wire by dipping in HCl and heating until no color is visible in the flame.
Place a small amount of lithium chloride on the watch glass.
Dip the clean wire into HCl, then touch it to the lithium chloride sample.
Hold the wire in the Bunsen burner flame and observe the characteristic crimson-red color.
Record observations and compare with the sodium flame test if already performed.
Kết quả dự kiến
A bright crimson-red flame should appear. The color is distinct from the red produced by strontium (which is more scarlet) and potassium (which is lilac/violet).
Dọn dẹp
Clean the wire loop with HCl. Dispose of chemicals per lab protocol.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Flame Tests
- Độ khó
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Thời gian
- 15 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $8,00
- Số bước
- 5
- Vật liệu
- 3