Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)

CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl

Tổng quan

Methane undergoes free radical substitution with chlorine in the presence of UV light or heat. The mechanism involves initiation (Cl₂ → 2Cl·), propagation (Cl· + CH₄ → CH₃· + HCl, CH₃· + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl·), and termination. Further substitution can produce CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃, and CCl₄.

Người tham gia

Vai trò	Chất	Hệ số	Trạng thái
Chất phản ứng	Methane CH₄	1	(g)
Chất phản ứng	Chlorine Cl	1	(g)
Sản phẩm	Hydrochloric Acid HCl	1	(g)

Ví dụ thực tế

Chloroform (CHCl₃), historically used as an anesthetic, is produced by multiple chlorination of methane.

Tầm quan trọng công nghiệp

Chloromethane (CH₃Cl) is used as a methylating agent and refrigerant. Dichloromethane is a widely used solvent. Chloroform is an important chemical intermediate.

Tính chất

Loại: Organic
Thuận nghịch: Không
Năng lượng: Tỏa nhiệt
ΔH: -98,0 kJ/mol
Chất xúc tác: UV light or heat

Phản ứng liên quan

Epoxidation of Alkenes (mCPBA) Swern Oxidation Oxidation of Secondary Alcohol to Ketone E2 Elimination (Dehydrohalogenation) Claisen Condensation (Ethyl Acetate) Aldol Condensation of Acetaldehyde Kolbe Electrolysis Baeyer-Villiger Oxidation Beckmann Rearrangement (Cyclohexanone Oxime) Dehydration of Ethanol

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

The balanced equation is: CH₄ + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + HCl.

What type of reaction is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is a organic reaction.

Is Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) exothermic or endothermic?

Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -98.0 kJ/mol.

What conditions are needed for Halogenation of Methane (Chlorination)?

This reaction requires a catalyst (UV light or heat).