Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Tổng hợp thuốc giảm đau bằng tạo liên kết amit

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 80 phút ~$18,00

Mục tiêu

Tổng hợp axetaminophen (paracetamol) bằng axetyl hóa p-aminophenol với anhydrit axetic, minh họa sự hình thành liên kết amit.

Bối cảnh

Acetaminophen is one of the world's most widely used over-the-counter analgesics. Its synthesis involves the reaction of p-aminophenol with acetic anhydride to form an amide bond. The reaction is selective for the amine group over the phenol group under mild conditions.

Cảnh báo an toàn

  • Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor
  • p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation
  • Do not consume the product
  • Work in a fume hood

PPE cần thiết

goggles gloves lab_coat

Vật liệu

  • p-Aminophenol (1.5 g)
  • Acetic anhydride (2 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Distilled water (100 mL)
    Ice-cold for crystallization
  • Acetone (10 mL)
    For recrystallization

Thiết bị

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Hot water bath Buchner funnel Filter flask Melting point apparatus Ice bath

Quy trình

1

Dissolve 1.5 g p-aminophenol in 15 mL distilled water in the Erlenmeyer flask. Warm gently if needed.

5 phút Handle p-aminophenol with gloves
2

Add 2 mL acetic anhydride to the solution. Stir vigorously for 10 minutes.

10 phút Fume hood — pungent vapors
3

Heat the mixture in a water bath at 70°C for 10 minutes to complete the reaction.

12 phút
4

Cool the mixture in an ice bath until crystals form.

15 phút
5

Collect crude product by vacuum filtration. Wash with cold water.

8 phút
6

Recrystallize from hot water or acetone/water mixture. Cool slowly for larger crystals.

15 phút
7

Collect purified crystals. Dry and determine melting point (pure: 168-170°C).

10 phút
8

Calculate percent yield.

5 phút

Kết quả dự kiến

White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.

Dọn dẹp

Do not consume the product. Dispose of organic waste properly. Rinse all glassware.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
Tổng hợp axetaminophen (paracetamol) bằng axetyl hóa p-aminophenol với anhydrit axetic, minh họa sự hình thành liên kết amit.
How difficult is Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 80 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
Key safety precautions include: Acetic anhydride is corrosive and has a strong odor; p-Aminophenol can cause skin irritation; Do not consume the product.
What materials are needed for Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
The main materials required are: p-Aminophenol, Acetic anhydride, Distilled water, Acetone.
What results should I expect from Điều Chế Axetaminophen (Paracetamol)?
White crystalline solid with melting point 167-170°C. Typical yield is 70-85%. The product should be pure white; discoloration indicates impurities from p-aminophenol oxidation.