Cốc Thủy Tinh Biến Mất (Khớp Chiết Suất)
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Làm vật thủy tinh trở nên vô hình bằng cách ngâm vào chất lỏng cùng chiết suất
Mục tiêu
Minh họa khái niệm chiết suất bằng cách làm vật thủy tinh biến mất trong chất lỏng có chiết suất trùng khớp.
Bối cảnh
We see transparent objects like glass because light bends (refracts) at the surface where the glass meets air. The degree of bending depends on the difference in refractive index between the two media. If a glass object is placed in a liquid with the same refractive index, light passes through without bending, and the object becomes effectively invisible. Pyrex glass (n ≈ 1.474) nearly matches vegetable oil (n ≈ 1.47), creating a stunning visual effect.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Vegetable oil is slippery — clean up spills immediately to prevent falls
- Glass objects can break — handle with care
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Vegetable oil (or glycerol) (500 mL)Refractive index ≈ 1.47
-
Pyrex glass beaker or rod (1)To disappear
-
Regular glass rod (1)For comparison (different n)
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Fill the large beaker about 2/3 full with vegetable oil.
Show the Pyrex glass object to the audience. Note that it is clearly visible in air.
Slowly lower the Pyrex glass into the vegetable oil. As it submerges, it gradually becomes invisible.
For comparison, lower the regular glass rod into the same oil. It remains visible because its refractive index does not match.
Discuss: light refracts at boundaries between materials with different refractive indices. When n values match, no refraction occurs and the object seems to disappear.
Kết quả dự kiến
The Pyrex glass becomes nearly invisible when submerged in vegetable oil. Only slight distortions at the edges may be visible. The regular glass rod remains clearly visible in the same oil.
Dọn dẹp
Remove glass objects and wash with dish soap. Oil can be saved for reuse or disposed of in general waste. Wipe up any oil spills.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Classroom Demonstrations
- Độ khó
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Thời gian
- 15 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $8,00
- Số bước
- 5
- Vật liệu
- 3