Kiểm Tra Dãy Hoạt Động Hóa Học
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Kiểm tra độ hoạt động của kim loại qua phản ứng thế
Mục tiêu
Xác minh dãy hoạt động điện hóa bằng cách kiểm tra liệu các kim loại có thể đẩy kim loại khác ra khỏi dung dịch không.
Bối cảnh
A more reactive (more easily oxidized) metal will displace a less reactive metal from its salt solution. By testing multiple combinations, students can experimentally construct the activity series: Zn > Fe > Cu > Ag.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Silver nitrate stains skin permanently
- Copper sulfate is toxic
- Wear gloves when handling solutions
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Zinc strips (3 pieces)Small pieces
-
Iron nails (3)Clean steel nails
-
Copper strips (3 pieces)
-
Copper(II) sulfate solution (50 mL)0.1M
-
Iron(II) sulfate solution (50 mL)0.1M
-
Zinc sulfate solution (50 mL)0.1M
-
Silver nitrate solution (30 mL)0.1M
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Sand all metal pieces until shiny to remove oxide layers.
Place 10 mL of each metal salt solution into labeled test tubes. You need: CuSO₄, FeSO₄, ZnSO₄, and AgNO₃.
Test zinc in CuSO₄ solution. Observe for 5 minutes and record changes on the metal and in the solution.
Test iron in CuSO₄ solution. Observe and record.
Test copper in ZnSO₄ solution. Observe and record (expect no reaction).
Test copper in AgNO₃ solution. Observe silver crystals forming on the copper.
Compile results into a reactivity table and rank the metals from most to least reactive.
Kết quả dự kiến
Zinc displaces copper (blue solution fades, copper deposits on zinc). Iron displaces copper (blue fades slower). Copper does not displace zinc. Copper displaces silver (silver crystals grow). Order: Zn > Fe > Cu > Ag.
Dọn dẹp
Collect silver waste separately in heavy metal container. Dispose of copper waste properly. Rinse metal pieces and test tubes.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Electrochemistry
- Độ khó
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Thời gian
- 30 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $12,00
- Số bước
- 7
- Vật liệu
- 7