Điện Phân Đồng Sunfat
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Điện phân định lượng với điện cực đồng
Mục tiêu
Thực hiện điện phân định lượng dung dịch đồng sunfat dùng điện cực đồng và xác minh định luật điện phân thứ nhất của Faraday.
Bối cảnh
When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
- Wear gloves when handling solutions
- Handle electrical connections with dry hands
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)1M solution
-
Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)Similar size, sanded clean
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.
Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.
Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.
Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.
Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.
Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.
Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.
Kết quả dự kiến
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.
Dọn dẹp
Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Electrochemistry
- Độ khó
- Intermediate (High School)
- Thời gian
- 50 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $12,00
- Số bước
- 7
- Vật liệu
- 2