Chế Tạo Pin Daniell
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Chế tạo pin galvanic kẽm-đồng kinh điển
Mục tiêu
Chế tạo pin Daniell để đo điện thế chuẩn của pin và quan sát các phản ứng điện hóa tại mỗi điện cực.
Bối cảnh
The Daniell cell is a classic electrochemical cell that uses zinc and copper half-cells connected by a salt bridge. Zinc is oxidized at the anode while copper ions are reduced at the cathode. The theoretical cell potential is 1.10 V under standard conditions.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
- Wear gloves when handling copper sulfate solution
- Handle hot agar solution with care
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) (100 mL)1M solution
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Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (100 mL)1M solution
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Zinc strip (1 piece)Sanded clean
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Copper strip (1 piece)Sanded clean
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Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) (10 g)For salt bridge
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Agar powder (2 g)For salt bridge
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Insulated wire with clips (50 cm)
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Prepare the salt bridge: dissolve 5 g KNO₃ and 2 g agar in 30 mL hot water. Pour into a U-tube and allow to set.
Sand the zinc and copper strips until shiny to ensure good contact.
Pour 100 mL of 1M ZnSO₄ into one beaker and 100 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the other.
Place the zinc strip in the ZnSO₄ solution and the copper strip in the CuSO₄ solution.
Connect the two beakers with the salt bridge.
Connect the multimeter between the zinc (negative) and copper (positive) terminals. Measure the cell voltage.
Observe both electrodes over 15 minutes. Note any color changes in the solutions and deposits on the electrodes.
Record the voltage and observations. Compare the measured EMF with the theoretical value of 1.10 V.
Kết quả dự kiến
The cell should produce approximately 1.0-1.1 V. The zinc strip will slowly dissolve (oxidation), the blue CuSO₄ solution will become lighter, and copper metal will deposit on the copper strip (reduction).
Dọn dẹp
Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and dry the metal strips for reuse. Clean the salt bridge.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Electrochemistry
- Độ khó
- Intermediate (High School)
- Thời gian
- 45 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $20,00
- Số bước
- 8
- Vật liệu
- 7