98 Cf 캘리포늄 251.0 u

캘리포늄

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주기
7
족
—
블록
f-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

캘리포늄은 원자로 시동과 수분 측정기에 쓰이는 강력한 중성자 방출체이다. 지구에서 가장 비싼 물질 가운데 하나이다.

캘리포늄 개요

Californium is among the most expensive substances ever prepared, a consequence of the reactor time and processing needed to accumulate even microgram quantities. The element holds atomic number 98 and a relative atomic mass of 251.0, with the configuration [Rn] 5f10 7s2 and an electronegativity of 1.3, and it is a solid at standard temperature and pressure. What distinguishes it from its neighbours is the intensity with which it emits neutrons through spontaneous fission. That single property supports its two working applications: starting up nuclear reactors, where a reliable neutron source is required to initiate a controlled chain reaction, and moisture gauges, in which neutrons scattered by hydrogen reveal water content in soil or industrial material.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 251.0 u
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 1.3

전자 배치

배치 [Rn] 5f¹⁰ 7s²

전자껍질 배치

캘리포늄의 전자껍질 배치 Cf 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 32e⁻ 28e⁻ 8e⁻ 2e⁻
캘리포늄의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 32
5 (O) 28
6 (P) 8
7 (Q) 2

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 캘리포늄의 위치 Cf

블록 & 주기

블록

s p d f

주기

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

주기율표

란타넘족 악티늄족

더 많은 악티늄족

89 Ac 악티늄 90 Th 토륨 91 Pa 프로트악티늄 92 U 우라늄 93 Np 넵투늄 94 Pu 플루토늄 95 Am 아메리슘 96 Cm 퀴륨 97 Bk 버클륨 99 Es 아인슈타이늄

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 캘리포늄?
캘리포늄 (Cf) is a chemical element with atomic number 98. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 악티늄족.
What are the key properties of 캘리포늄?
캘리포늄 has an atomic mass of 251.0 u.
What is the electron configuration of 캘리포늄?
The electron configuration of 캘리포늄 is [Rn] 5f10 7s2. It is in the f-block of the periodic table.
What is the electronegativity of 캘리포늄?
캘리포늄 has an electronegativity of 1.3 on the Pauling scale.