81 Tl 탈륨 204.38 u

탈륨

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주기
6
족
13
블록
p-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

탈륨은 무르고 독성이 매우 강한 전이후 금속이다. 전자공학과 광학에 쓰이며 과거에는 쥐약으로 사용되었다.

탈륨 개요

Atomic number 81 places thallium in the sixth period of the p-block, where the configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 leaves three electrons outside a filled 5d shell. The relative atomic mass is 204.38 and the Pauling electronegativity 1.62. It is a soft post-transition metal, solid at standard temperature and pressure, sitting in group 13 directly beneath indium. Acute toxicity governs how the element is handled: thallium compounds were once marketed as rat poison, a use later withdrawn across most jurisdictions. Present-day demand comes instead from electronics and from optical components, where the heavy, polarisable thallium ion gives useful transmission behaviour. The combination of low mechanical hardness and high toxicity makes it one of the more hazardous of the heavy main-group metals.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 204.38 u
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 1.62

전자 배치

배치 [Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p¹

전자껍질 배치

탈륨의 전자껍질 배치 Tl 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 32e⁻ 18e⁻ 3e⁻
탈륨의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 32
5 (O) 18
6 (P) 3

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 탈륨의 위치 Tl

블록 & 주기

블록

s p d f

주기

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

주기율표

란타넘족 악티늄족

더 많은 전이후 금속

13 Al 알루미늄 31 Ga 갈륨 49 In 인듐 50 Sn 주석 82 Pb 납 83 Bi 비스무트 84 Po 폴로늄

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 탈륨?
탈륨 (Tl) is a chemical element with atomic number 81. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 전이후 금속.
What are the key properties of 탈륨?
탈륨 has an atomic mass of 204.38 u.
What is the electron configuration of 탈륨?
The electron configuration of 탈륨 is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
What is the electronegativity of 탈륨?
탈륨 has an electronegativity of 1.62 on the Pauling scale.