94 Pu 플루토늄 244.0 u

플루토늄

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주기
7
족
—
블록
f-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

플루토늄은 핵무기와 원자로에 쓰이는 방사성 악티늄족 원소이다. 여섯 가지 동소체를 지닌 가장 복잡한 금속이다.

플루토늄 개요

Six distinct allotropes at ordinary pressure make plutonium structurally the most complicated metal known, its density shifting substantially as it passes from one crystalline form to another. The element carries atomic number 94 and a relative atomic mass of 244.0, with the configuration [Rn] 5f6 7s2 and a Pauling electronegativity of 1.28. It is solid at standard temperature and pressure and sits in the actinide series of period 7. Plutonium is radioactive and fissile, and those properties account for both of its uses: as a component of nuclear weapons and as a reactor fuel. The metallurgical instability that arises from its allotropy is a central difficulty in fabricating and storing plutonium components.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 244.0 u
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 1.28

전자 배치

배치 [Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²

전자껍질 배치

플루토늄의 전자껍질 배치 Pu 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 32e⁻ 24e⁻ 8e⁻ 2e⁻
플루토늄의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 32
5 (O) 24
6 (P) 8
7 (Q) 2

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 플루토늄의 위치 Pu

블록 & 주기

블록

s p d f

주기

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

주기율표

란타넘족 악티늄족

Pu가 포함된 반응

우라늄-238의 중성자 포획

²³⁸U + ¹n → ²³⁹U → ²³⁹Np → ²³⁹Pu

핵

플루토늄-239 핵분열

²³⁹Pu + ¹n → ¹³⁴Xe + ¹⁰³Zr + 3¹n

핵

플루토늄을(를) 포함하는 화합물

이산화플루토늄

PuO₂

더 많은 악티늄족

89 Ac 악티늄 90 Th 토륨 91 Pa 프로트악티늄 92 U 우라늄 93 Np 넵투늄 95 Am 아메리슘 96 Cm 퀴륨 97 Bk 버클륨 98 Cf 캘리포늄 99 Es 아인슈타이늄

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 플루토늄?
플루토늄 (Pu) is a chemical element with atomic number 94. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 악티늄족.
What are the key properties of 플루토늄?
플루토늄 has an atomic mass of 244.0 u.
What is the electron configuration of 플루토늄?
The electron configuration of 플루토늄 is [Rn] 5f6 7s2. It is in the f-block of the periodic table.
What is the electronegativity of 플루토늄?
플루토늄 has an electronegativity of 1.28 on the Pauling scale.