2 He 헬륨 4.0026 u

헬륨

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주기
1
18
블록
s-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Gas

헬륨은 우주에서 두 번째로 가볍고 풍부한 원소이다. 극저온 공학과 부양 기체로 쓰이는 비활성 기체이다.

외관: 무색 기체

헬륨 개요

Chemically inert and second only to hydrogen in lightness, helium fills atomic number 2 with an atomic mass of 4.0026. Its two electrons complete the 1s shell, a closed configuration reflected in an exceptionally high ionization energy of 2372 kJ/mol and the absence of ordinary chemistry. The colorless noble gas remains liquid closer to absolute zero than any other substance, boiling at just 4.2 K. Pierre Janssen first detected it in 1868, in the spectrum of the Sun rather than on Earth. As the second most abundant element in the universe, helium is valued in cryogenics, where its low boiling point is essential, and as a non-flammable lifting gas—both uses resting on the stability that keeps it from bonding. It sits in group 18.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 4.0026 u
밀도 0.0001785 g/cm³
녹는점 -272.2 °C
끓는점 -268.9 °C
표준 상태에서의 상 Gas
원자 반지름 31.0 pm

전자적 성질

이온화 에너지 2372.3 eV
원자가 전자 2

전자 배치

배치 1s²

전자껍질 배치

헬륨의 전자껍질 배치 He 2e⁻
헬륨의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 헬륨의 위치 He

발견

발견자: Pierre Janssen
연도: 1868

Science FYI에서 더 보기

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 헬륨?
헬륨 (He) is a chemical element with atomic number 2. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 비활성 기체.
What are the key properties of 헬륨?
헬륨 has an atomic mass of 4.0026 u, density of 0.0001785 g/cm³, melting point of -272.2°C, boiling point of -268.9°C.
What is the electron configuration of 헬륨?
The electron configuration of 헬륨 is 1s2. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered 헬륨?
헬륨 was discovered by Pierre Janssen in 1868.