5 B 붕소 10.81 u

붕소

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주기
2
13
블록
p-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

붕소는 식물 생장에 필수적인 준금속으로 유리와 세라믹에 쓰인다. 붕사 같은 화합물은 수천 년 전부터 사용되었다.

외관: 흑갈색

붕소 개요

A metalloid straddling the boundary between metals and nonmetals, boron carries atomic number 5 and an atomic mass of 10.81. In elemental form it appears black-brown and is hard and refractory, melting near 2349 K. Three valence electrons ([He] 2s2 2p1) and an electronegativity of 2.04 favor covalent bonding, and its first ionization energy is 800.6 kJ/mol. Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac helped isolate the element in 1808, though boron compounds such as borax had already been used for thousands of years. Boron is essential to plant growth and is incorporated into glass and ceramics. It belongs to group 13, period 2.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 10.81 u
밀도 2.34 g/cm³
녹는점 2075.8 °C
끓는점 3926.8 °C
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid
원자 반지름 87.0 pm

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 2.04
이온화 에너지 800.6 eV
전자 친화도 26.7 eV
원자가 전자 3

전자 배치

배치 [He] 2s² 2p¹

전자껍질 배치

붕소의 전자껍질 배치 B 2e⁻ 3e⁻
붕소의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 3

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 붕소의 위치 B

발견

발견자: Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
연도: 1808

붕소을(를) 포함하는 화합물

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 붕소?
붕소 (B) is a chemical element with atomic number 5. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 준금속.
What are the key properties of 붕소?
붕소 has an atomic mass of 10.81 u, density of 2.34 g/cm³, melting point of 2075.8°C, boiling point of 3926.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of 붕소?
The electron configuration of 붕소 is [He] 2s2 2p1. It is in the p-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered 붕소?
붕소 was discovered by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in 1808.
What is the electronegativity of 붕소?
붕소 has an electronegativity of 2.04 on the Pauling scale.