20 Ca 칼슘 40.078 u

칼슘

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주기
4
2
블록
s-블록
상 (표준 상태)
Solid

칼슘은 인체에서 가장 풍부한 금속이다. 뼈와 치아, 세포 신호 전달에 필수적이다.

외관: 칙칙한 회색, 은색

칼슘 개요

Calcium is an alkaline earth metal of atomic number 20 and atomic mass 40.078, a dull gray solid that melts at 1115 K. Two valence electrons ([Ar] 4s2) give it an electronegativity of 1.00 and a first ionization energy of 590 kJ/mol, and it readily forms a doubly charged ion. Humphry Davy isolated the metal in 1808. Calcium is the most abundant metal in the human body, providing the structural mineral of bones and teeth and serving as a signaling ion within cells. In nature it occurs in minerals rather than as the free metal. The element sits in group 2, period 4, below magnesium.

물리적 성질

원자 질량 40.078 u
밀도 1.55 g/cm³
녹는점 841.9 °C
끓는점 1483.8 °C
표준 상태에서의 상 Solid
원자 반지름 194.0 pm

전자적 성질

전기 음성도 1.0
이온화 에너지 589.8 eV
전자 친화도 2.37 eV
원자가 전자 2

전자 배치

배치 [Ar] 4s²

전자껍질 배치

칼슘의 전자껍질 배치 Ca 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 8e⁻ 2e⁻
칼슘의 전자껍질 구조 — 껍질별 전자 수.
껍질 전자
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 8
4 (N) 2

주기율표에서의 위치

주기율표에서 칼슘의 위치 Ca

발견

발견자: Humphry Davy
연도: 1808

칼슘을(를) 포함하는 화합물

Science FYI에서 더 보기

Frequently Asked Questions

What is 칼슘?
칼슘 (Ca) is a chemical element with atomic number 20. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a 알칼리 토금속.
What are the key properties of 칼슘?
칼슘 has an atomic mass of 40.078 u, density of 1.55 g/cm³, melting point of 841.9°C, boiling point of 1483.8°C.
What is the electron configuration of 칼슘?
The electron configuration of 칼슘 is [Ar] 4s2. It is in the s-block of the periodic table.
Who discovered 칼슘?
칼슘 was discovered by Humphry Davy in 1808.
What is the electronegativity of 칼슘?
칼슘 has an electronegativity of 1.0 on the Pauling scale.