Định Luật Charles với Quả Bóng Bay
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Đo sự thay đổi thể tích khí theo nhiệt độ
Mục tiêu
Minh họa định luật Charles bằng cách đo chu vi quả bóng bay đầy khí ở các nhiệt độ khác nhau.
Bối cảnh
Charles's law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (Kelvin). By heating and cooling a balloon and measuring its size, the linear relationship between V and T can be confirmed.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Handle hot water carefully
- Do not use boiling water directly on the balloon
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Latex balloons (3)Same size
-
String (1 m)For measuring circumference
-
Ice (1 kg)
-
Hot water (2 L)Various temperatures
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Inflate a balloon to a moderate size and tie it off. Measure its circumference at room temperature with string.
Prepare three water baths: ice water (~5°C), room temperature (~22°C), and hot water (~60°C).
Submerge the balloon in ice water for 5 minutes. Remove and quickly measure circumference. Record temperature.
Return the balloon to room temperature water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference.
Submerge in hot water for 5 minutes. Measure circumference. Record temperature.
Convert temperatures to Kelvin. Plot V (proportional to circumference³) vs T(K). Extrapolate to find absolute zero.
Kết quả dự kiến
The balloon should be visibly smaller in ice water and larger in hot water. Plotting estimated volume vs absolute temperature should give a straight line. Extrapolating to zero volume should approximate -273°C (absolute zero).
Dọn dẹp
Drain water baths. Pop and dispose of balloons. Clean up any spills.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Gas Laws
- Độ khó
- Beginner (Middle School)
- Thời gian
- 30 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $5,00
- Số bước
- 6
- Vật liệu
- 4