Thu Khí Hydro

Tạo ra và thu khí hydro từ kẽm và axit

Gas Laws Intermediate (High School) 35 phút ~$10,00

Mục tiêu

Tạo khí hydro từ phản ứng kẽm với axit clohydric và thu bằng phương pháp đẩy nước.

Bối cảnh

When zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂. The gas can be collected by water displacement in an inverted graduated cylinder, allowing volume measurement and mole calculations.

Cảnh báo an toàn

  • Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby
  • HCl is corrosive
  • Work in a well-ventilated area
  • Do not seal the system completely — pressure buildup risk

PPE cần thiết

goggles gloves lab_coat

Vật liệu

  • Zinc granules (5 g)
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    2M
  • Distilled water (500 mL)

Thiết bị

Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) Rubber stopper with delivery tube Pneumatic trough or large bowl Graduated cylinder (100 mL) Rubber tubing

Quy trình

1

Fill the pneumatic trough with water. Fill the graduated cylinder with water, invert it, and place it in the trough.

5 phút
2

Place 5 g zinc granules in the Erlenmeyer flask.

2 phút
3

Add 50 mL of 2M HCl to the flask. Quickly insert the rubber stopper with delivery tube.

2 phút HCl is corrosive
4

Direct the delivery tube under the inverted graduated cylinder. Collect the hydrogen gas by water displacement.

10 phút No flames — hydrogen is flammable
5

When the reaction slows, record the volume of gas collected. Note temperature and atmospheric pressure.

3 phút
6

Optionally, perform the squeaky pop test: bring a lit splint near a small collection of H₂.

3 phút Very small amount only
7

Calculate moles of H₂ using ideal gas law and compare with moles predicted from zinc mass.

5 phút

Kết quả dự kiến

5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.

Dọn dẹp

Neutralize remaining acid with sodium bicarbonate. Dispose of zinc chloride solution down the drain. Rinse all equipment.

Chi tiết

Danh mục
Gas Laws
Độ khó
Intermediate (High School)
Thời gian
35 phút
Chi phí ước tính
$10,00
Số bước
7
Vật liệu
3

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Thu Khí Hydro?
Tạo khí hydro từ phản ứng kẽm với axit clohydric và thu bằng phương pháp đẩy nước.
How difficult is Thu Khí Hydro?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 35 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Thu Khí Hydro?
Key safety precautions include: Hydrogen gas is extremely flammable — NO open flames nearby; HCl is corrosive; Work in a well-ventilated area.
What materials are needed for Thu Khí Hydro?
The main materials required are: Zinc granules, Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Thu Khí Hydro?
5 g Zn = 0.076 mol should produce 0.076 mol H₂ = ~1.9 L at STP. The collected volume should be close to this when corrected for temperature and water vapor pressure.