94 Pu Plutonio 244,0 u

Plutonio

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Período
7
Grupo
—
Bloque
f-bloque
Fase (STP)
Solid

El plutonio es un actínido radiactivo empleado en armas nucleares y reactores. Es el metal más complejo que se conoce, con seis alótropos.

Acerca de Plutonio

Six distinct allotropes at ordinary pressure make plutonium structurally the most complicated metal known, its density shifting substantially as it passes from one crystalline form to another. The element carries atomic number 94 and a relative atomic mass of 244.0, with the configuration [Rn] 5f6 7s2 and a Pauling electronegativity of 1.28. It is solid at standard temperature and pressure and sits in the actinide series of period 7. Plutonium is radioactive and fissile, and those properties account for both of its uses: as a component of nuclear weapons and as a reactor fuel. The metallurgical instability that arises from its allotropy is a central difficulty in fabricating and storing plutonium components.

Propiedades físicas

Masa atómica 244.0 u
Fase a STP Solid

Propiedades electrónicas

Electronegatividad 1.28

Configuración electrónica

Configuración [Rn] 5f⁶ 7s²

Configuración de capas electrónicas

Configuración de capas electrónicas de Plutonio Pu 2e⁻ 8e⁻ 18e⁻ 32e⁻ 24e⁻ 8e⁻ 2e⁻
Estructura de capas electrónicas de Plutonio: electrones por capa.
Capa Electrones
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 32
5 (O) 24
6 (P) 8
7 (Q) 2

Posición en la tabla periódica

Posición de Plutonio en la tabla periódica Pu

Bloque y período

Bloque

s p d f

Período

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Tabla Periódica

Lantánidos Actínidos

Reacciones con Pu

Captura neutrónica por uranio-238

²³⁸U + ¹n → ²³⁹U → ²³⁹Np → ²³⁹Pu

Nuclear

Fisión del plutonio-239

²³⁹Pu + ¹n → ¹³⁴Xe + ¹⁰³Zr + 3¹n

Nuclear

Compuestos que contienen Plutonio

Dióxido de plutonio

PuO₂

Más Actínido

89 Ac Actinio 90 Th Torio 91 Pa Protactinio 92 U Uranio 93 Np Neptunio 95 Am Americio 96 Cm Curio 97 Bk Berkelio 98 Cf Californio 99 Es Einstenio

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Plutonio?
Plutonio (Pu) is a chemical element with atomic number 94. It is a solid at standard temperature and pressure, classified as a actínido.
What are the key properties of Plutonio?
Plutonio has an atomic mass of 244.0 u.
What is the electron configuration of Plutonio?
The electron configuration of Plutonio is [Rn] 5f6 7s2. It is in the f-block of the periodic table.
What is the electronegativity of Plutonio?
Plutonio has an electronegativity of 1.28 on the Pauling scale.