황산구리 전기분해

구리 전극을 이용한 정량 전기분해

Electrochemistry Intermediate (High School) 50 분 ~$12.00

목표

구리 전극을 사용하여 황산구리 용액의 정량 전기분해를 수행하고 패러데이 전기분해 제1법칙을 검증한다.

배경

When copper sulfate solution is electrolyzed with copper electrodes, copper is deposited at the cathode and dissolved from the anode. By measuring mass changes and current, Faraday's law can be verified: the mass of substance deposited is proportional to the charge passed.

안전 경고

  • Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested
  • Wear gloves when handling solutions
  • Handle electrical connections with dry hands

필수 개인 보호 장비

goggles gloves lab_coat

재료

  • Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) (200 mL)
    1M solution
  • Copper strips (2) (2 pieces)
    Similar size, sanded clean

장비

DC power supply (1-5V) Ammeter Beaker (400 mL) Wires Analytical balance Timer Sandpaper

실험 절차

1

Sand both copper strips until shiny. Wash with distilled water and dry. Weigh each strip accurately on the analytical balance.

5 분
2

Pour 200 mL of 1M CuSO₄ into the beaker.

2 분 Wear gloves
3

Connect the circuit: power supply → ammeter → anode (Cu strip) → solution → cathode (Cu strip) → power supply.

5 분
4

Set the power supply to give a steady current of about 0.5 A. Record the exact current.

2 분
5

Run the electrolysis for exactly 20 minutes, monitoring the current.

20 분
6

Turn off the power supply. Carefully remove both electrodes, rinse with distilled water, dry, and reweigh.

5 분
7

Calculate the charge passed (Q = I x t). Calculate theoretical mass deposited using Faraday's law: m = (M x Q) / (n x F). Compare with actual mass change.

8 분

예상 결과

The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.

정리

Dispose of copper sulfate solution in heavy metal waste. Rinse and store copper strips. Clean the beaker and equipment.

세부 정보

카테고리
Electrochemistry
난이도
Intermediate (High School)
소요 시간
50 분
예상 비용
$12.00
단계
7
재료
2

더 많은 실험

다니엘 전지 제작 45 min 활동도 순서 확인 30 min 농도 전지 45 min 레몬 전지 20 min 구리 전기도금 60 min 물의 전기분해 40 min 볼타 전지 기전력 측정 60 min 녹 방지 방법 비교 30 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 황산구리 전기분해?
구리 전극을 사용하여 황산구리 용액의 정량 전기분해를 수행하고 패러데이 전기분해 제1법칙을 검증한다.
How difficult is 황산구리 전기분해?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 황산구리 전기분해?
Key safety precautions include: Copper sulfate is toxic if ingested; Wear gloves when handling solutions; Handle electrical connections with dry hands.
What materials are needed for 황산구리 전기분해?
The main materials required are: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), Copper strips (2).
What results should I expect from 황산구리 전기분해?
The cathode should gain mass and the anode should lose approximately the same mass. At 0.5 A for 20 min: Q = 600 C, theoretical mass = (63.55 x 600) / (2 x 96485) = 0.197 g. Measured value should be within 10%.