Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal

11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal

개요

When a photon strikes rhodopsin in rod cells of the retina, it causes the 11-cis-retinal chromophore to isomerize to the all-trans configuration in about 200 femtoseconds. This is one of the fastest known chemical reactions and the fundamental first step in vision. The conformational change triggers a G-protein signaling cascade.

일상 속 예시

Every time you see anything, this photochemical reaction is occurring millions of times per second in the rod and cone cells of your eyes.

산업적 중요성

레티날 광화학의 이해는 인공 망막, 광유전학 도구, 그리고 빛에 민감한 생체 재료 개발을 뒷받침합니다.

성질

유형
Photochemical
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
흡열
촉매
Rhodopsin protein

관련 반응

Photochemical Smog Formation (NO₂ Photolysis) Photochromism of Spiropyran Chlorophyll Fluorescence Photodegradation of Methylene Blue by TiO₂ Photodissociation of Chlorine Gas Silver Bromide Photodecomposition Photosynthesis Ozone Formation by UV Light Silver Chloride Photodecomposition Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (Grätzel Cell)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
The balanced equation is: 11-cis-Retinal → all-trans-Retinal.
What type of reaction is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is a photochemical reaction.
Is Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal exothermic or endothermic?
Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal is endothermic (absorbs energy).
What conditions are needed for Cis-Trans Isomerization of Retinal?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Rhodopsin protein).