Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt

Phản ứng lạnh của bari hydroxit và amoni thioxianat

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 20 phút ~$12,00

Mục tiêu

Minh họa phản ứng thu nhiệt mạnh mẽ trong đó hỗn hợp trở nên đủ lạnh để đóng băng nước bên ngoài bình.

Bối cảnh

When barium hydroxide octahydrate reacts with ammonium thiocyanate, the temperature drops to approximately -20°C. This endothermic reaction absorbs so much heat from the surroundings that water on the outside of the flask freezes, effectively gluing the flask to a wet board.

Cảnh báo an toàn

  • Barium compounds are toxic if ingested
  • Ammonia gas is released — work in fume hood or ventilated area
  • Wear gloves when handling barium hydroxide
  • Do not inhale the ammonia fumes

PPE cần thiết

goggles gloves lab_coat

Vật liệu

  • Barium hydroxide octahydrate (32 g)
    Toxic
  • Ammonium thiocyanate (16 g)
  • Water (5 mL)
    On the board

Thiết bị

250 mL Erlenmeyer flask Wooden board Thermometer Stirring rod

Quy trình

1

Pour a few drops of water onto the wooden board to create a wet spot.

1 phút
2

Add 32 g barium hydroxide octahydrate to the flask.

2 phút Wear gloves — barium is toxic
3

Add 16 g ammonium thiocyanate to the flask. Stir the mixture with a glass rod.

2 phút Ammonia released — ventilation
4

Place the flask on the wet spot on the board. Insert the thermometer.

1 phút
5

Observe the temperature dropping dramatically. Record the minimum temperature.

5 phút Do not inhale fumes
6

After 5 minutes, try to lift the flask. It should be frozen to the board.

2 phút
7

Explain that the reaction absorbed heat from the surroundings, freezing the water beneath.

2 phút

Kết quả dự kiến

The temperature should drop to approximately -20°C within minutes. The flask should freeze to the wet board. A strong smell of ammonia confirms the reaction is proceeding.

Dọn dẹp

Allow to warm to room temperature. Dispose of barium waste in heavy metal waste container. Rinse flask and ventilate area thoroughly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt?
Minh họa phản ứng thu nhiệt mạnh mẽ trong đó hỗn hợp trở nên đủ lạnh để đóng băng nước bên ngoài bình.
How difficult is Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 20 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt?
Key safety precautions include: Barium compounds are toxic if ingested; Ammonia gas is released — work in fume hood or ventilated area; Wear gloves when handling barium hydroxide.
What materials are needed for Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt?
The main materials required are: Barium hydroxide octahydrate, Ammonium thiocyanate, Water.
What results should I expect from Minh Họa Phản Ứng Thu Nhiệt?
The temperature should drop to approximately -20°C within minutes. The flask should freeze to the wet board. A strong smell of ammonia confirms the reaction is proceeding.