Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat

Đo nhiệt lượng tỏa ra trong quá trình kết tinh tức thì

Thermochemistry Intermediate (High School) 30 phút ~$8,00

Mục tiêu

Định lượng nhiệt lượng tỏa ra trong quá trình kết tinh natri axetat quá bão hòa bằng nhiệt lượng kế.

Bối cảnh

When supersaturated sodium acetate crystallizes, it releases stored energy as heat. By triggering crystallization inside a calorimeter and measuring the temperature rise, the enthalpy of crystallization can be determined. This is the same principle used in reusable hand warmers.

Cảnh báo an toàn

  • Hot solution during preparation
  • Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm

PPE cần thiết

goggles

Vật liệu

  • Sodium acetate trihydrate (80 g)
  • Distilled water (150 mL)

Thiết bị

Polystyrene cup calorimeter Hot plate Thermometer Beaker (250 mL) Stirring rod

Quy trình

1

Dissolve 80 g sodium acetate trihydrate in 20 mL water by heating to about 70°C. Stir until clear.

8 phút Handle hot solution carefully
2

Pour the solution into the polystyrene cup calorimeter. Allow to cool undisturbed to room temperature.

15 phút
3

Record the temperature of the supersaturated solution.

1 phút
4

Add a single small crystal of sodium acetate to trigger crystallization. Immediately stir gently and record temperature every 15 seconds.

3 phút
5

Record the maximum temperature reached.

1 phút
6

Calculate the heat released: q = mcΔT. Determine ΔH of crystallization per mole.

5 phút

Kết quả dự kiến

Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.

Dọn dẹp

The sodium acetate can be remelted and reused. Rinse the calorimeter. Non-toxic — can go down the drain.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat?
Định lượng nhiệt lượng tỏa ra trong quá trình kết tinh natri axetat quá bão hòa bằng nhiệt lượng kế.
How difficult is Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 30 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat?
Key safety precautions include: Hot solution during preparation; Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm.
What materials are needed for Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat?
The main materials required are: Sodium acetate trihydrate, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat?
Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.