Kết Tinh Tỏa Nhiệt Natri Axetat
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Đo nhiệt lượng tỏa ra trong quá trình kết tinh tức thì
Mục tiêu
Định lượng nhiệt lượng tỏa ra trong quá trình kết tinh natri axetat quá bão hòa bằng nhiệt lượng kế.
Bối cảnh
When supersaturated sodium acetate crystallizes, it releases stored energy as heat. By triggering crystallization inside a calorimeter and measuring the temperature rise, the enthalpy of crystallization can be determined. This is the same principle used in reusable hand warmers.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- Hot solution during preparation
- Crystallization releases heat — container gets warm
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Sodium acetate trihydrate (80 g)
-
Distilled water (150 mL)
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Dissolve 80 g sodium acetate trihydrate in 20 mL water by heating to about 70°C. Stir until clear.
Pour the solution into the polystyrene cup calorimeter. Allow to cool undisturbed to room temperature.
Record the temperature of the supersaturated solution.
Add a single small crystal of sodium acetate to trigger crystallization. Immediately stir gently and record temperature every 15 seconds.
Record the maximum temperature reached.
Calculate the heat released: q = mcΔT. Determine ΔH of crystallization per mole.
Kết quả dự kiến
Temperature should rise 15-25°C above room temperature. The enthalpy of crystallization is approximately -19.7 kJ/mol for sodium acetate trihydrate. Measured values should be within 20% of this.
Dọn dẹp
The sodium acetate can be remelted and reused. Rinse the calorimeter. Non-toxic — can go down the drain.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Thermochemistry
- Độ khó
- Intermediate (High School)
- Thời gian
- 30 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $8,00
- Số bước
- 6
- Vật liệu
- 2