Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH

Vẽ đường cong chuẩn độ axit-bazơ hoàn chỉnh bằng máy đo pH

Titrations Intermediate (High School) 50 phút ~$15,00

Mục tiêu

Ghi lại các giá trị pH trong quá trình chuẩn độ axit-bazơ và xây dựng đường cong chuẩn độ hình chữ S thể hiện điểm tương đương và vùng đệm.

Bối cảnh

A pH titration curve provides far more information than an indicator-based titration. The S-shaped curve reveals the buffer region, half-equivalence point (where pH equals pKa for weak acids), and the sharpness of the equivalence point. This experiment compares the curves of strong and weak acids.

Cảnh báo an toàn

  • HCl and NaOH are corrosive
  • Wear safety goggles and gloves
  • Handle the pH electrode carefully — it is fragile

PPE cần thiết

goggles gloves lab_coat

Vật liệu

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)
    0.1M
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (100 mL)
    0.1M
  • pH buffer solutions (3 bottles)
    pH 4, 7, 10 for calibration
  • Distilled water (200 mL)

Thiết bị

50 mL burette Burette stand and clamp 250 mL beaker pH meter with electrode Magnetic stirrer 25 mL pipette Graph paper

Quy trình

1

Calibrate the pH meter using the three buffer solutions (pH 4, 7, 10).

5 phút Handle pH electrode gently
2

Pipette 25.0 mL of 0.1M HCl into the beaker. Record the initial pH.

3 phút
3

Fill the burette with 0.1M NaOH. Record the initial volume.

3 phút
4

Add NaOH in 1.0 mL increments, recording the pH after each addition. When pH changes rapidly, switch to 0.2 mL increments.

25 phút
5

Continue adding NaOH until the pH is above 12. Add a few more points past the equivalence point.

5 phút
6

Plot pH (y-axis) versus volume of NaOH (x-axis) to construct the titration curve.

7 phút

Kết quả dự kiến

The curve should show a characteristic S-shape: slowly rising pH initially, a steep jump around the equivalence point (pH 7 for strong acid-strong base), then leveling off at high pH. The equivalence point volume should be approximately 25 mL.

Dọn dẹp

Rinse the pH electrode and store in storage solution. Neutralize waste before disposal. Rinse all glassware.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH?
Ghi lại các giá trị pH trong quá trình chuẩn độ axit-bazơ và xây dựng đường cong chuẩn độ hình chữ S thể hiện điểm tương đương và vùng đệm.
How difficult is Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH?
This experiment is rated as Intermediate (High School). It takes approximately 50 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH?
Key safety precautions include: HCl and NaOH are corrosive; Wear safety goggles and gloves; Handle the pH electrode carefully — it is fragile.
What materials are needed for Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH?
The main materials required are: Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), pH buffer solutions, Distilled water.
What results should I expect from Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH?
The curve should show a characteristic S-shape: slowly rising pH initially, a steep jump around the equivalence point (pH 7 for strong acid-strong base), then leveling off at high pH. The equivalence point volume should be approximately 25 mL.