Đường Cong Chuẩn Độ pH
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Vẽ đường cong chuẩn độ axit-bazơ hoàn chỉnh bằng máy đo pH
Mục tiêu
Ghi lại các giá trị pH trong quá trình chuẩn độ axit-bazơ và xây dựng đường cong chuẩn độ hình chữ S thể hiện điểm tương đương và vùng đệm.
Bối cảnh
A pH titration curve provides far more information than an indicator-based titration. The S-shaped curve reveals the buffer region, half-equivalence point (where pH equals pKa for weak acids), and the sharpness of the equivalence point. This experiment compares the curves of strong and weak acids.
Cảnh báo an toàn
- HCl and NaOH are corrosive
- Wear safety goggles and gloves
- Handle the pH electrode carefully — it is fragile
PPE cần thiết
Vật liệu
-
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (50 mL)0.1M
-
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (100 mL)0.1M
-
pH buffer solutions (3 bottles)pH 4, 7, 10 for calibration
-
Distilled water (200 mL)
Thiết bị
Quy trình
Calibrate the pH meter using the three buffer solutions (pH 4, 7, 10).
Pipette 25.0 mL of 0.1M HCl into the beaker. Record the initial pH.
Fill the burette with 0.1M NaOH. Record the initial volume.
Add NaOH in 1.0 mL increments, recording the pH after each addition. When pH changes rapidly, switch to 0.2 mL increments.
Continue adding NaOH until the pH is above 12. Add a few more points past the equivalence point.
Plot pH (y-axis) versus volume of NaOH (x-axis) to construct the titration curve.
Kết quả dự kiến
The curve should show a characteristic S-shape: slowly rising pH initially, a steep jump around the equivalence point (pH 7 for strong acid-strong base), then leveling off at high pH. The equivalence point volume should be approximately 25 mL.
Dọn dẹp
Rinse the pH electrode and store in storage solution. Neutralize waste before disposal. Rinse all glassware.
Chi tiết
- Danh mục
- Titrations
- Độ khó
- Intermediate (High School)
- Thời gian
- 50 phút
- Chi phí ước tính
- $15,00
- Số bước
- 6
- Vật liệu
- 4