아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화

과일향이 나는 에스테르 합성하기

Organic Synthesis Advanced (University) 90 분 ~$20.00

목표

황산 촉매 하에 아세트산과 에탄올의 피셔 에스테르화로 아세트산에틸(매니큐어 리무버의 향기)을 합성한다.

배경

Fischer esterification is the acid-catalyzed condensation of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to form an ester and water. The reaction is reversible, and excess alcohol is used to drive the equilibrium toward product formation. Ethyl acetate has a characteristic sweet, fruity smell and is widely used as an industrial solvent.

안전 경고

  • Concentrated sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive
  • Glacial acetic acid causes burns
  • Ethanol and ethyl acetate are flammable — no open flames
  • Work in a fume hood
  • Add sulfuric acid slowly to the mixture

필수 개인 보호 장비

goggles gloves lab_coat

재료

  • Glacial acetic acid (10 mL)
    Corrosive
  • Ethanol (absolute) (15 mL)
    Excess to drive equilibrium
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) (2 mL)
    Concentrated, catalyst
  • Sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL)
    5% for washing
  • Anhydrous sodium sulfate (5 g)
    Drying agent

장비

Round-bottom flask (100 mL) Reflux condenser Heating mantle Separating funnel Boiling chips Thermometer

실험 절차

1

Add 15 mL ethanol and 10 mL glacial acetic acid to the round-bottom flask with boiling chips.

3 분 Handle acetic acid in fume hood
2

Slowly add 2 mL concentrated H₂SO₄ as catalyst. Swirl gently to mix.

3 분 Add acid slowly — exothermic
3

Attach the reflux condenser and heat gently at reflux for 45 minutes.

45 분 Ensure water is flowing through condenser
4

Cool the flask. Pour the contents into a separating funnel with 30 mL water.

5 분
5

Wash the organic layer with 25 mL of 5% NaHCO₃ to remove excess acid. Vent the funnel frequently.

5 분 CO₂ gas released — vent carefully
6

Separate the organic layer (top) and dry over anhydrous Na₂SO₄ for 10 minutes.

12 분
7

Filter off the drying agent. Carefully smell the product by wafting — note the fruity aroma of ethyl acetate.

3 분 Never sniff directly — waft vapors toward nose
8

Calculate the yield based on the volume collected and the theoretical yield.

5 분

예상 결과

A clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell characteristic of ethyl acetate. Typical yield is 60-70% due to the equilibrium nature of the reaction.

정리

Dispose of organic waste in the designated container. Neutralize acid waste before disposal. Rinse all glassware with acetone then water.

세부 정보

카테고리
Organic Synthesis
난이도
Advanced (University)
소요 시간
90 분
예상 비용
$20.00
단계
8
재료
5

더 많은 실험

아세트아미노펜(파라세타몰) 조제 80 min 아스피린(아세틸살리실산) 합성 90 min 루미놀 합성 120 min 식물성 기름에서 바이오디젤 생산 60 min 비누화 반응으로 비누 만들기 60 min 차에서 카페인 추출 90 min 바나나 오일(아세트산이소아밀) 합성 90 min 알돌 축합(디벤잘아세톤) 75 min 나일론 6,10 합성(나일론 로프 트릭) 30 min 슬라임 합성(가교 PVA) 20 min

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of 아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화?
황산 촉매 하에 아세트산과 에탄올의 피셔 에스테르화로 아세트산에틸(매니큐어 리무버의 향기)을 합성한다.
How difficult is 아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화?
This experiment is rated as Advanced (University). It takes approximately 90 minutes to complete.
What safety precautions are needed for 아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화?
Key safety precautions include: Concentrated sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive; Glacial acetic acid causes burns; Ethanol and ethyl acetate are flammable — no open flames.
What materials are needed for 아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화?
The main materials required are: Glacial acetic acid, Ethanol (absolute), Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), Sodium bicarbonate solution, Anhydrous sodium sulfate.
What results should I expect from 아세트산에틸의 피셔 에스테르화?
A clear, colorless liquid with a sweet, fruity smell characteristic of ethyl acetate. Typical yield is 60-70% due to the equilibrium nature of the reaction.