Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)

NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

개요

Ammonia gas reacts with hydrogen chloride gas to form white fumes of ammonium chloride solid. This dramatic reaction occurs when concentrated ammonia and hydrochloric acid bottles are placed near each other, as the vapors meet in air and create a white smoke cloud.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Ammonia NH₃ 1 (g)
반응물 Hydrochloric Acid HCl 1 (g)

일상 속 예시

The white smoke that forms when bottles of ammonia and HCl are opened near each other is one of the most striking gas-phase chemistry demonstrations.

산업적 중요성

염화암모늄은 땜납 플럭스, 아연-탄소 전지, 질소 비료, 그리고 기침약 제조에 사용됩니다.

성질

유형
Double Replacement
가역 반응
예
에너지
발열
ΔH
-176.0 kJ/mol

관련 반응

Iron(III) Chloride and Sodium Hydroxide Calcium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Calcium Chloride and Sodium Carbonate Barium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate Precipitation Calcium Hydroxide and Carbon Dioxide (Limewater Test) Sodium Hydroxide and Iron(III) Chloride (Rust Color) Sodium Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid Neutralization Potassium Hydroxide and Sulfuric Acid Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Aluminum Hydroxide and Hydrochloric Acid

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)?
The balanced equation is: NH₃ + HCl → NH₄Cl.
What type of reaction is Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke)?
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) is a double replacement reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) exothermic or endothermic?
Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid (White Smoke) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -176.0 kJ/mol.