Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid

3Cu + 8HNO3(dilute) → 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

개요

Dilute nitric acid oxidizes copper to Cu²⁺ while the nitrate ion is reduced to nitric oxide (NO) gas. Unlike HCl or H₂SO₄(dilute), nitric acid can dissolve copper because the nitrate ion acts as the oxidizing agent. The solution turns blue from Cu(NO₃)₂ and the NO gas oxidizes in air to brown NO₂.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Copper Cu 3 (s)
반응물 Nitric Acid HNO₃ 8 (aq)
생성물 Water H₂O 4 (l)

일상 속 예시

Chemistry students observe this reaction as a dramatic demonstration where copper dissolves in HNO₃ with brown fumes forming above the solution.

산업적 중요성

질산에 의한 구리 용해는 분석화학, 인쇄 회로 기판 제조용 구리 에칭, 그리고 금속 정련에 사용됩니다.

성질

유형
Redox
가역 반응
아니오
에너지
발열
ΔH
-135.0 kJ/mol

관련 반응

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Zinc Reduction of Silver Ion Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid?
The balanced equation is: 3Cu + 8HNO₃(dilute) → 3Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2NO + 4H₂O.
What type of reaction is Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid?
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid is a redox reaction.
Is Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid exothermic or endothermic?
Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -135.0 kJ/mol.