Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)

LiFePO4 ⇌ FePO4 + Li+ + e−

개요

LFP batteries use lithium iron phosphate cathode and graphite anode with a cell voltage of 3.2–3.3 V and energy density of 90–160 Wh/kg. The olivine crystal structure of LiFePO₄ provides exceptional thermal stability and safety — the Fe–O bond is much stronger than the Co–O bond in NMC/NCA, preventing oxygen release during thermal runaway.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Lithium Li 1 (s)
반응물 Iron Fe 1 (s)

일상 속 예시

Tesla's Standard Range vehicles and many Chinese EVs use LFP batteries for their superior safety and longer cycle life (3,000+ cycles).

산업적 중요성

열 안정성과 안전성이 우수하여 전기 버스, 에너지 저장 시스템(ESS), 전동 공구 배터리로 널리 사용됩니다. 테슬라, BYD 등 전기차 제조사의 표준 배터리로 채택되고 있습니다.

성질

유형
Electrochemical
가역 반응
예
에너지
발열
ΔH
-180.0 kJ/mol

관련 반응

Electrolysis of Water Electrolytic Production of Chlorate Electrorefining of Copper Alkaline Battery Discharge Anodizing of Aluminum Cathodic Protection (Zinc Sacrificial Anode) Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis Chrome Electroplating Nickel-Metal Hydride Battery Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction to CO

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
The balanced equation is: LiFePO₄ ⇌ FePO₄ + Li⁺ + e⁻.
What type of reaction is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP)?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is a electrochemical reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) exothermic or endothermic?
Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery (LFP) is exothermic (releases energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is -180.0 kJ/mol.