Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)

CH4 + H2O → CO + 3H2

개요

Methane reacts with steam over a nickel catalyst to produce synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Carbon is oxidized from -4 to +2 while hydrogen in water is reduced from +1 to 0. This highly endothermic reaction is performed at 700-1100 C and 15-30 atm.

참여 물질

역할 물질 계수 상태
반응물 Methane CH₄ 1 (g)
반응물 Water H₂O 1 (g)
생성물 Carbon Monoxide CO 1 (g)
생성물 Hydrogen H 3 (g)

일상 속 예시

Over 95% of the world's hydrogen is produced by this reaction, supplying hydrogen for ammonia production that feeds half the world's population.

산업적 중요성

전 세계 수소 생산의 약 95%가 천연가스 수증기 개질(SMR)로 이루어집니다. 암모니아 합성(하버 공정), 메탄올 합성, 피셔-트롭쉬 합성의 수소 및 합성가스 공급원입니다.

성질

유형
Redox
가역 반응
예
에너지
흡열
ΔH
206.0 kJ/mol
촉매
Nickel on alumina

관련 반응

Iron(II) to Iron(III) Oxidation by Oxygen Bleaching with Sodium Hypochlorite Copper Reduction of Silver Ion Aqua Regia Dissolving Gold Cerium(IV) Reduction by Iron(II) Chlorine Oxidation of Bromide Copper Oxidation by Nitric Acid Hypochlorite Oxidation of Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizing Agent (Acidic) Displacement of Hydrogen from Acid by Magnesium

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the equation for Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
The balanced equation is: CH₄ + H₂O → CO + 3H₂.
What type of reaction is Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) is a redox reaction. It is reversible under certain conditions.
Is Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) exothermic or endothermic?
Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming) is endothermic (absorbs energy). The enthalpy change (ΔH) is 206.0 kJ/mol.
What conditions are needed for Methane Partial Oxidation (Steam Reforming)?
This reaction requires a catalyst (Nickel on alumina).